氢化硝基苯合成对氨基酚中活性炭负载铂催化剂的新制备方法研究  

New Preparation Methods of the Supported Platinum Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene into p-Aminophenol

作　　者：王莲鸳[1] 程振兴[1] 董中朝[1] 郑明生[1] 薛勇[1] 陈桂霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]防化指挥工程学院军事化学重点实验室,北京102205

出　　处：《分子催化》2002年第5期355-358,共4页Journal of Molecular Catalysis(China)

摘　　要：采用不同还原剂 (甲醛、甲酸、硼氢化钾和氢气 ) ,或于还原 Pt( )过程中引入少量 Pt/ AC(AC:活性炭 )催化剂“催化”氢气分子 ,制备了 Pt/ AC催化剂 .其催化氢化硝基苯制对氨基酚的反应结果表明 ,制备催化剂时所用的还原剂对催化剂的活性影响很大 ,但对反应选择性影响较小 .用甲醛、甲酸和硼氢化钾还原制成的催化剂的活性皆较高 ;以氢气还原制得的催化剂活性较差 ;采用“催化”氢气还原法 ,可大大提高 Pt/ AC催化剂的活性 .与传统甲醛还原法相比 ,甲酸和“催化”氢气还原制备 Pt/ AC催化剂的方法较简便、有效 .Active carbon supported Pt catalyst was prepared in aqueous solution using different reducing agents (HCHO, HCOOH, KBH\-4 and H\-2). The reactivity of the prepared catalysts was evaluated for the reaction of p \|aminophenol production by nitrobenzene hydrogenation. It was found that the catalyst reduced by HCHO, HCOOH or KBH\-4 had a comparable hydrogenation activity, which was the best one among all the prepared catalysts. In addition, a small amount of Pt/AC catalyst was added into reduction solution to promote reducing Pt(Ⅳ) process in the case of H\-2 as reducing agent(so called, 'catalytic' reduction). This could lead to greatly increase catalytic activity; the catalyst reduced by H\-2 in this way had an activity closed to that done with HCHO, HCOOH or KBH\-4. The above reduction effects did not influence the selectivity to p \|aminophenol.

关 键 词：氢化硝基苯 活性炭 制备方法 对氨基酚 选择性 催化活性 负载型铂催化剂 

分 类 号：O625.634[理学—有机化学] O64[理学—化学]