背根神经节中卫星胶质细胞在疼痛疾病中的调节作用  

Satellite glial cells in dorsal root ganglia: implication for pain regulation

作　　者：张晓卓 吕婷婷[1] 王照钦 翁志军[2] 崔云华[2] 张方 赵敏 刘慧荣[2] 吴焕淦[2] Zhang Xiaozhuo;LüTingting;Wang Zhaoqin;Weng Zhijun;Cui Yunhua;Zhang Fang;Zhao Min;Liu Huirong;Wu Huangan(Yueyang Clinical College,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学岳阳临床医学院,上海市201203 [2]上海市针灸经络研究所,上海市200030

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2019年第33期5396-5403,共8页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家973计划项目课题(2015CB554501),项目负责人:吴焕淦;国家自然科学基金面上项目(81873367),项目负责人:翁志军;上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划项目(18YF1421600),项目负责人:张方;上海市卫生和计划委员会科研课题(20174Y0015),项目负责人:张方;上海市医学领军人才项目(2015,No.80),项目负责人:刘慧荣;上海市进一步加快中医药事业发展三年行动计划项目[ZY(2018-2020)-CCCX-2004-01],项目负责人:吴焕淦~~

摘　　要：背景:研究表明,背根神经节中主要的胶质细胞类型——卫星胶质细胞,可以通过多种途径与背根神经元胞体相互作用和信息交流,参与慢性疼痛的发生与调节。以往研究重点集中在卫星胶质细胞敏化神经元胞体,对于两者间抑制性调节关注较少,且迄今为止两者间交流尚未见有研究进行汇总,并讨论其内在联系。目的:从卫星胶质细胞与神经元的结构形态、离子通道、蛋白受体等方面,以及相邻卫星胶质细胞间相互作用的角度,对近年来两者间可能存在的相互作用、信息交流等机制的研究进行综述。方法:以"pain,satellite glial cell,DRG"和"疼痛,卫星胶质细胞,背根神经节,缝隙连接"为检索词,检索了在PubMed、Web of Science、SinoMed及CNKI数据库收录的2008年1月至2019年2月的相关文献,并追踪所得文献中所引用的相关性较高的参考文献,最终筛选出77篇相关度较高的文献进行分析。结果与结论:在背根神经节中,卫星胶质细胞包绕单个神经元形成的卫星胶质细胞鞘,通过"神经元-卫星胶质细胞"这一功能单位,实现了相邻神经元之间的相互调控。大多数的文献支持了卫星胶质细胞在慢性疼痛疾病发生过程中起着发生、维持的重要作用;但是,也有部分文献发现卫星胶质细胞与神经元之间存在抑制性调节,激活P2Y1受体、谷氨酸转运体都可以抑制疼痛的发生,在背根神经节中调节P2Y1受体、谷氨酸转运体的活性可以作为治疗疼痛的新靶点。BACKGROUND: Satellite glial cells which are the main glial cell type in the dorsal root ganglia can interact and communicate with dorsal rootneuron cell bodies through various approaches to be involved in the occurrence and regulation of chronic pain. Previous studies have focusedon the sensitized neuronal cell bodies of satellite glial cells, and there is less concern about inhibitory regulation between them. So far therehas been no research on their exchange as well as no discussion on their internal relationship.OBJECTIVE: To review the possible interaction and communication mechanisms between satellite glial cells and neurons in terms ofstructural morphology, ion channels, protein receptors and interactions between adjacent satellite glial cells.METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, SinoMed, and CNKI were retrieved with the keywords of “pain, satellite glial cell, DRG, gap junction”for relevant articles published from January 2008 to February 2019. We also traced highly relevant references cited in the literature. Finally, 77eligible studies were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the dorsal root ganglia, satellite glial cells surround single neurons to form satellite glial sheathes.“Neuron-satellite glial cell” functional units are the base for mutual regulation between adjacent neurons. Majority of the studies haveconsidered that satellite glial cells play an important role in the development and maintenance of chronic pain diseases;however, somestudies have found the inhibitory regulation between satellite glial cells and neurons, which activates P2Y1 receptor and glutamatetransporters to inhibit the occurrence of pain. Therefore, to regulate P2Y1 receptor and glutamate transporter activities in the dorsal rootganglia can be used as a new target for the treatment of pain.

关 键 词：疼痛 卫星胶质细胞 背根神经节 缝隙连接 神经元 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学] R496[医药卫生—临床医学]