当代“泛节日化”社会语境下传统节日的保护  

The Safeguarding of Traditional Festivals in Contemporary Inundated-festivalization Social Contexts

作　　者：黄龙光 HUANG Long-guang(The Editorial Dept.of Journal of Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,Yunnan 650092,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学学报编辑部

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2019年第4期140-147,共8页Journal of Ethnic Culture

基　　金：2017年国家社科基金西部项目“中国西南少数民族灾害神话研究”(17XMZ063)

摘　　要：传统节日是一个地方重要的时序节令,它与人们的生产生活节奏息息相关,承载着独特的历史记忆与文化内涵,发挥着发展经济、凝聚社群等社会功能。“泛节日化”是泛民俗的具体表现之一,基于民族文化资源论,传统节日受政府、商界等多主体操弄,使一系列旧节复兴,新节、类节频出,导致出现节日泛化的社会语境。泛节日化社会语境下,传统节日出现节日资源被滥用,节日主题蜕变为世俗狂欢,内涵渐趋标准化等乱象。传统节日保护,必须遵循节日文化逻辑,尊重文化自决,遵守适度创新原则。当前多方保护主体参与传统节日文化实践的对话、协商与博弈,使传统节日民间性、政治性、经济性与公共性等兼性并立,过去“二元对立”的思维模式已不合时宜,借助公共民俗学的想象力,公共民俗学者应以传统节日文化主体的民间立场为主,兼顾各方主体相关权益为宗旨进行协商与协调,促进各方平等交流与互利合作,使传统节日获得真正意义上的良性传承与整体保护。Traditional festivals are an important seasons in a place,which is closely related to the rhythm of people’s production and life.They carry a unique historical memory and cultural connotation,and socially function in economic development and social cohesion.Inundated-festivalization is one of the concrete manifestations of inundated-folklorism.Viewed as cultural resources,traditional festivals are manipulated by the multi-subjects as government and business,making a series of old festivals revive,new festivals and similar festivals emerge frequently,resulting in the social contexts of inundated-festivalization.In the social contexts of inundated-festivalization,traditional festivals are characterized by abuse of festival resources,transformation of festival theme into secular carnival,and gradual standardization of their connotation.The safeguarding of traditional festivals would be achieved by following festival cultural logic,respecting cultural self-determination and abiding by the principle of moderate innovation.At present,multi-safeguarding subjects participate in the dialogue,negotiation and game of traditional festival culture practice,so that the folk,political,economic and public natures of traditional festivals coexist.Therefore,the past thinking mode of“dualistic opposition”is dated.With the imagination of public folklore,public folklorists should take the folk standpoint of the main body of traditional festival culture,take into account the relevant rights and interests of all parties as the purpose of negotiation and coordination,promote equal exchanges and mutually beneficial cooperation among all parties,so that the traditional festivals can be truly inherited and protected as a whole.

关 键 词：泛节日化 节日保护 标准化 文化自决 

分 类 号：C958[社会学—民族学]