噪声习服对豚鼠急性声损伤的听力保护作用及机理  

Protection against Acute Acoustic Trauma by Sound Conditioning in Guinea Pigs and Its Mechanisms

作　　者：杨媛媛[1,2] 胡洪义 陈伟[2] 冀飞[2] 李小玲[3] 钟家滔[1] 琚良艳 丁楚楚 陶源 YANG Yuanyuan;HU Hongyi;CHEN Wei;JI Fei;LI Xiaoling;ZHONG Jiatao;JU Liangyan;DING Chuchu;TAO Yuan(Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,Shenzhen 518036 China;Department of Otorhinolarygology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology,Chinese PLA General Hospital,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Key Laboratory of Hearing Impairment Science(Chinese PLA Medical School),Ministry of Education,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment,Laboratory of Military Acoustic Trauma Protection,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,Beijing 100853 china;The Eighth Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen 518036 China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳医院耳鼻咽喉科,深圳518036 [2]中国人民解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉研究所,耳鼻咽喉头颈外科国家临床研究中心,聋病教育部重点实验室,聋病防治北京市重点实验室,军事声损伤防护实验室,老年共病国家临床研究中心,北京100853 [3]中山大学附属第八医院心血管内科,深圳518036

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2019年第4期558-563,共6页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：深圳市卫生计生系统科研项目(No.SZXJ2018079);深圳市医疗卫生三名工程项目(No.SZSM201612076);深圳市科技研发资助项目(No.JCYJ20140415162543023);军事医学创新工程和青年培育项目(No.16QNP133);解放军总医院医疗大数据研发项目(No.2018MBD-015);首都卫生发展科研专项重点攻关项目(No.2016-1-5014);国家自然基金面上项目(No.81670940,81770991)~~

摘　　要：目的研究噪声习服对豚鼠急性声损伤下的听力保护作用,及可能的机理。方法40只豚鼠,听性脑干反应(auditory brainstem response,ABR)阈值测定后随机分为4组(每组10只):正常对照组(Control),习服噪声组(Sound conditioning,SC),噪声暴露组(Noise exposure,NE),习服噪声后噪声暴露组(SC+NE)。分别于噪声暴露前24小时及暴露后即刻(1-3小时内)完成右耳ABR测试;之后处死动物取耳蜗,5只豚鼠行免疫荧光染色,观察各组豚鼠内外毛细胞、突触变化;另5只豚鼠耳蜗检测组织内丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力。结果1 ABR阈值:SC+NE各频率(click、Tb 4k、8k、16k、24k、32k Hz)的ABR阈值均小于NE,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2突触前膜计数(按顶、第3、第2、底回CtBP2计数):Control,SC,NE,SC+NE单个内毛细胞CtBP2计数(/IHC,x±s)。顶回分别为11.80±0.59,11.29±0.29,8.87±0.30C,10.93±0.65;第3回分别为12.27±0.35,11.39±0.55,9.69±0.42,11.03±0.38;第2回分别为13.67±0.43,11.85±0.51,7.03±0.30,12.46±0.56;底回分别为21.39±1.35,14.18±0.40,7.47±0.67,12.68±1.32。Control每回的单个内毛细胞突触前膜数目均多于SC+NE,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);NE每回单个内毛细胞的突触前膜数量均少于SC+NE,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);SC顶回及第3回单个内毛细胞突触前膜计数与SC+NE相比,无统计学差异(P>0.05),但第2回单个内毛细胞突触前膜计数,SC少于SC+NE,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);底回单个内毛细胞突触前膜计数,SC多于SC+NE,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3 MDA含量与SOD活力:NE的MDA含量最高,SOD活力最低,SC+NE与NE相比,MDA含量低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SOD活力高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论噪声习服对豚鼠急性声损伤有听力保护作用;可能通过减少对突触的损害及恢复组织氧化与抗氧化的平衡而发挥听力保护功能。Objective To investigate protection against acute acoustic trauma by sound conditioning in guinea pigs.Methods Forty guinea pigs were randomly selected to receive sound conditioning only(SC),noise exposure only(NE),sound conditioning followed by noise exposure(SC+NE),or serve as controls(n=10 in each group).Auditory brainstem response(ABR)thresholds were measured 24 hours before and 1 to 3 hours after noise exposure.Then the animals were sacrificed and half cochleae in each group(n=10)were stained with immunofluorescence for examining changes in hair cells and synapses,with the rest half(n=10)tested for the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD).Results 1)ABR threshold shifts across frequencies in the SC+NE group were less as compared with the NE group(P<0.01).2)Synaptic(labeled by CtBP2)counts in the inner hair cell were highest in the Control group,followed by the SC+NE and then the NE groups(P<0.01)in all turns.Synaptic counts showed no statistically significant differ-ences between the SC and SC+NE groups in the apical and 3rd turns(P>0.05),but were lower in the SC group than in the SC+NE group in the 2nd turn(P<0.01);the counts were higher in the SC group than in the SC+NE group in the bas-al turn(P<0.01).3)The highest MDA level and lowest SOD activity were found in the NE group.MDA level was lower and SOD activity higher in the SC+NE group than in the NE group(P<0.05).Conclusion Sound conditioning can protect against hearing loss by acute acoustic trauma in guinea pigs to some extent,possibly by reducing damage to synapses and restoring tissue oxidation/anti-oxidation balance.

关 键 词：噪声习服 急性声损伤 突触 活性氧 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]