内爆炸准静态压力对球形容器弹性动态响应的影响  

Effects of Quasi-static Pressure on Dynamic Elastic Response of Spherical Vessels under Internal Blast

作　　者：孙琦 董奇[1] 杨沙[1] 张刘成[1] SUN Qi;DONG Qi;YANG Sha;ZHANG Liu-cheng(Institute of Chemical Materials,CAEP,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所

出　　处：《含能材料》2019年第8期698-707,I0005,共11页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助（11672272,11372293,11872343）;四川省科研课题（17PJ097,2018GZ0536）

摘　　要：将球形容器内爆载荷简化为首个冲击波和准静态压力两部分,利用单自由度模型对球壳弹性动态响应过程建立力学分析模型并推导出径向位移响应解,LS-DYNA数值模拟结果与力学分析结果吻合较好,验证了该分析方法的可靠性。通过对所得到的球壳径向位移响应公式进行分析,获得了内爆炸准静态压力对位移响应的影响效应。研究发现,首个脉冲作用时间和准静态压力存在临界值,对最大位移出现时刻具有决定性影响,其中首个脉冲作用时间临界值与结构固有频率有关,准静态压力临界值与首个脉冲压力峰值及作用时间、结构频率、壳体厚度、材料弹性模量和泊松比等因素有关;最大位移出现于准静态压力作用期间时随准静态压力增大而增大,出现在首个脉冲作用期间时则不受准静态压力影响;最小位移随准静态压力增大而增大,后续等幅振幅值随准静态压力增大而减小。研究结果表明,采用多次使用型容器开展有限空间内爆炸效应威力评估时,不仅应考虑爆炸载荷首个脉冲冲量与后续准静态压力的具体细节,还应与结构动态响应历程和结构自身参数分析紧密结合。The internal blast load in spherical vessels is simplified as a triangle pulse with subsequent quasi-static pressure. Based on the single degree of freedom model,the analytical model of elastic dynamic response of the spherical shell is established and the solution of radial displacement response is obtained. The analytical results and LS-DYNA numerical simulation are in good agreement,and the reliability of the analytical solution is verified. By analyzing the radial displacement response formula,effects of quasi-static pressure on the dynamic response can be studied. It is found that the duration time of the first pulse and the quasistatic pressure have their own critical values,which have decisive influence on the time when maximum displacement occurs. The critical duration time of first pulse is related to the fundamental frequency,and the critical quasi-static pressure is related to multi-factors such as the duration time and the peak overpressure of the first pulse,the fundamental frequency,the thickness of the shell,Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio,etc. The maximum displacement increases with the increase of the quasi-static pressure if it occurs in duration of the quasi-static pressure,and it is not affected by the quasi-static pressure if it occurs in the first pulse. The minimum displacement increases with the increase of quasi-static pressure,and the amplitude of subsequent vibration decreases with the increase of quasi-static pressure. The research results show that when using multiple-use explosion containment vessels to make the evaluation of the explosive effect in confined space,not only the specific details of the first pulse and subsequent quasi-static pressure of the blast load should be taken into consideration,but also the structural dynamic response history and structural parameters analysis must be closely integrated.

关 键 词：有限空间内爆炸 爆炸容器 准静态压力 冲击载荷 动态响应 

分 类 号：TJ02[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] O383[理学—流体力学]