仔猪均匀度及相关繁殖性状的遗传参数估计与分析  

Genetic parameters estimation and analysis of litter uniformity and other reproductive traits in sow

作　　者：赵云翔 刘沁沅 高宁 郑伟 李私丞 张从林 刘小红[3] ZHAO Yun-xiang;LIU Qin-yuan;GAO Ning;ZHENG Wei;LI Si-cheng;ZHANG Cong-lin;LIU Xiao-hong(College of Life Science and Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan,Guangdong 528225,China;Guangxi Yangxiang Agriculture and Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Guigang,Guangxi 537100,China;School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510475,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山528225 [2]广西扬翔农牧有限责任公司,广西贵港537100 [3]中山大学生命科学学院,广州510475

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第7期1620-1624,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目（CARS-36）;广西创新驱动发展专项（桂科AA17204029）;广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（2018LM1137)

摘　　要：【目的】明确我国南方区域亚热带气候下仔猪均匀度的遗传参数和影响因素,以及与其他繁殖性状的相关性,为有效提高母猪生产力及制定猪场生产管理方案提供参考依据。【方法】采集9458头纯种丹系长白母猪的25861窝分娩数据和13317头纯种丹系大白母猪的39420窝分娩数据,以窝内初生平均重(AVEBW)的标准差(SD)和变异系数(CV)表示仔猪均匀度,估计仔猪均匀度与其他繁殖性状的遗传参数,并对仔猪均匀度与总产仔数(NBT)、产活仔数(NBA)、初生窝重(LWT)和AVEBW进行遗传力计算及相关性分析。【结果】在仔猪均匀度方面,长白猪AVEBW的SD为262.6±93.4,高于大白猪的257.6±92.4;长白猪和大白猪的CV相当,分别为(17.9±6.8)%和(18.0±6.9)%。长白猪和大白猪AVEBW的SD遗传力分别为0.082和0.084,CV遗传力分别为0.071和0.078,即仔猪均匀度属于低遗传力性状。长白猪和大白猪AVEBW的SD与CV间具有较高的正遗传相关和表型相关,且SD与其他繁殖性状均呈正遗传相关,CV与NBT和NBA呈中等正遗传相关、与LWT和AVEBW则呈负遗传相关。【结论】长白猪和大白猪的仔猪均匀度为低遗传力性状,且与产仔数存在正遗传相关和表型相关,进行仔猪均匀度应用选育时需综合考虑其他非遗传因素的影响。【Objective】The aim of the study was to clarify the genetic parameters and influencing factors of piglet uniformity in subtropical climate in southern China,and the correlation with other reproductive traits,to provide reference for effectively improving sow productivity and formulating pig farm production management plan.【Method】The data including 25861 litters of 9458 purebred Danish Landrace sows and 39420 litters of 13317 purebred Danish Yorkshire sows,the litter uniformity was indicated by standard deviation(SD)and coefficient of variation(CV)of average birth weight(AVEBW),estimating the genetic parameters of litter uniformity and other reproductive traits,heritability calculation and correlation analysis were performed with litter uniformity and number of born total(NBT),number of born alive (NBA),litter weight total(LWT),AVEBW.【Result】The results showed that,in terms of piglet uniformity,SD of Landrace AVEBW was 262.6±93.4,which was higher than that of Yorkshire(257.6±92.4);CV of Landrace and Yorkshire were equivalent,(17.9±6.8)% and(18.0±6.9)%,respectively. For Landrace and Yorkshire sows,the heritability of mean individual birth weight SD was 0.082 and 0.084,and the heritability of mean individual birth CV was 0.071 and 0.078,respectively. Litter uniformity was a low heritability trait. SD and CV of Landrace and Yorkshire AVEBW had high positive genetic correlation and phenotype correlation,and SD was positively related to other reproductive traits. CV was moderately positively related to NBT and NBA,and negatively related to LWT and AVEBW.【Conclusion】Litter uniformity is a low heritability trait in the population of Landrace and Yorkshire,and is related to the positive genetic and phenotype correlation of number of born. However,the effects of other non-genetic factors should be considered when breeding evenly.

关 键 词：猪 仔猪均匀度 遗传参数 繁殖性状 遗传力估计 

分 类 号：S828.89[农业科学—畜牧学]