21世纪以来中国城乡福祉差距的时空分异与政策研究  

Regional Difference and Policy Analysis of the Urban-Rural Well-Being Gap in China in the 21st Century

作　　者：金恩焘 王圣云[2] 姜婧 郑克强 Entao Jin;Shengyun Wang;Jing Jiang;Keqiang Zheng

机构地区：[1]南昌大学管理学院 [2]南昌大学中国中部经济社会发展研究中心

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2019年第4期143-160,M0007,M0008,共20页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“环鄱阳湖区居民福祉供需匹配的空间分异、形成机制与均衡调控模式研究——福祉地理学视角”(41861025);教育部人文社会科学研究项目“中国区域人类福祉趋同演化的影响因素、情景仿真与调控策略研究”(18YJA790082);江西省科技厅软科学计划(20161BBA10059)

摘　　要：努力缩小城乡区域福祉差距,是全面建成小康社会的重要任务。基于城乡比值指标构建我国城乡福祉差距测评指标体系,应用基尼系数、泰尔指数和因子分析等方法对2000—2017年中国城乡福祉差距的演变态势、不平衡特征和影响因素研究发现:2000—2017年,我国及四大区域城乡居民的福祉差距整体上逐步缩小,尤其在2003—2014年城乡福祉差距明显降低。我国城乡福祉差距的区域不平衡主要表现为区域间城乡福祉差距的差异扩大。东部地区城乡福祉差距的省际差异最大,东北部地区最小。中西部地区城乡福祉差距的省际差异整体趋于缩小。并从我国施政重点的角度,采取质性分析的方法阐释测评结果:认为我国城乡福祉差距持续改善源于国家坚持全面、连续、科学、系统的共同富裕政策体系。In order to build a comprehensive moderately prosperous society,it is necessary to narrow the urban-rural human well-being gap.The evaluation index system of the urban-rural human well-being gap is constructed based on the ratio of the urban-rural index.This study used the Gini coefficient,weighted Coefficient of Variation,Theil index,and Factor Analysis Method to analyze the evolutionary tendency,unbalanced characteristics,and influencing factors of the urban-rural human well-being gap in China from 2000 to 2013.It was revealed that:The general urban-rural human well-being gap was narrowing in China and four regions from 2000 to 2013.There was a significant decrease after 2009.The urban-rural human well-being gap in China is still enormous.Thisis reflected in the fact that the regional urban-rural human well-being gap has become larger but the spatial unbalanced tendency of the regional urban-rural human well-being is weakening.The inter-provincial gap in urban-rural human well-being for the period 2000 to 2013 in China was narrowing at first but then got larger.China’s urban-rural human well-being gap presents significant regional characteristics,the eastern region has the biggest inter-provincial gap and the central region has the smallest.The inter-provincial gap in urban-rural human well-being in the central and western regions is narrowing while the east and northeast regions is generally increasing.From the perspective of governance focus,qualitative analysis is used to explain the evaluation results.

关 键 词：城乡差距 福祉 区域差异 施政体系 质性分析 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]