沼渣与餐厨废弃物、牛粪联合堆肥的腐殖化进程研究  

Humification Process of Biogas Residue Combined with Food Waste and Cattle Manure Co-composting

作　　者：白玲 李倩 邓芸[1,2] 黄振兴 谢利娟[1,2] 阮文权 BAI Ling;LI Qian;DENG Yun;HUANG Zhenxing;XIE Lijuan;RUAN Wenquan(School of Environment and Civil Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学环境与土木工程学院,无锡214122 [2]江苏省厌氧生物技术重点实验室,无锡214122

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2019年第8期331-338,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51678279)

摘　　要：为探究不同沼渣联合堆肥的腐殖化进程,以污泥沼渣、秸秆沼渣和醋糟为主要原料分别与餐厨废弃物、牛粪联合堆肥,进行堆肥过程中酶活性变化及堆肥前后腐殖化特征变化的表征。研究结果表明:秸秆沼渣堆肥过程中脱氢酶和脲酶活性随着堆肥进行呈先增加后降低的趋势,且保持较高的多酚氧化酶、纤维素酶活性,加速了有机物的分解和腐殖化;相比秸秆沼渣和醋糟,污泥沼渣在堆肥结束时脱氢酶和脲酶活性依然较高,分别为19.25μg/(g·h)、6.22 mg/(g·d),表明还存在部分不稳定有机物。经过30 d堆肥后,沼渣逐渐腐殖化,腐殖酸的分子量分别由堆肥前的2 024、3 284、2 090 Da变为堆肥后的2 061、3 929、3 990 Da。综上,基于多元参数表征能够为沼渣的高效资源化及其产品应用提供理论依据。Sludge residue(SLR),straw residue(STR)and vinegar residue(VR)combined with food waste and cattle manure were used as composting substance,respectively.The dynamics of enzymatic activity during composting,including dehydrogenase,urease,polyphenol oxidase and cellulase activity,and the change of humic acid composition(HA,FA)before and after composting were monitored and analyzed.The results showed that the activities of dehydrogenase and urease in the composting process of STR were increased first and then decreased with composting,and the polyphenol oxidase and cellulase activity were higher,which accelerated the decomposition and humification of organic matter.Compared with STR and VR,the dehydrogenase and urease activities of SLR remained high at the end of composting,which were 19.25μg/(g·h)and 6.22 mg/(g·d),respectively,indicating that there was some unstable organic matter.After 30 days of composting,STR presented the highest degree of humification in compost,humification ratio(HR),humification index(HI),degree of polymerization(DP)and percentage of HA(PHA)was 28.89%,19.24%,1.99 and 66.60%,respectively.The molecular weights of humic acid were changed from 2 024 Da,3 284 Da and 2 090 Da before composting to 2 061 Da,3 929 Da and 3 990 Da after composting.Compost was used for different purposes depending on the molecular weight of humic acid.Therefore,based on multivariate parameter characterization of different residues,it provided a theoretical basis for efficient resource utilization of biogas residue and its product application.

关 键 词：沼渣 联合堆肥 酶活性 腐殖化 腐殖酸分子量 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]