不同比例牛粪与蚓粪对塿土土壤肥力特性的影响  

Effects of Cattle Manure and Earthworm Cast at Different Proportion on Lou Soil Fertility

作　　者：苏梦园 方颖琳 曾烁星 谭杰明 薛志婧 SU Mengyuan;FANG Yinglin;ZENG Shuoxing;TAN Jieming;XUE Zhijing(School of Geography and Tourism,Shanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China;School of Mathematics and Information Science,Shanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西西安710119 [2]陕西师范大学数学与信息科学学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2019年第7期66-72,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西师范大学国家级大学生创新创业训练项目（201817018066）;陕西师范大学勤助科研创新基金（KY2018YB002)

摘　　要：【目的】研究牛粪、蚓粪对关中塿土土壤肥力特性的影响,探索培肥塿土的有效方式。【方法】在实验室条件下,将质量比例为5%、10%、20%和25%的牛粪、蚓粪施入塿土中,在室内物候箱内培养60 d后,分别测定牛粪、蚓粪对塿土土壤肥力特性的变化。【结果】与对照相比,随着牛粪和蚓粪施用量的不断增加,塿土中有机质、全氮、全磷、有效磷和铵态氮含量均显著增加。主成分分析结果显示:25%牛粪有利于提高土壤中有效磷、有机质、全氮和铵态氮含量,而20%蚓粪则有助于提高土壤中有机质、全氮、全磷、铵态氮和有效磷含量且处于各处理最高值。【结论】施入牛粪、蚓粪均能显著提升塿土的土壤肥力,尤其是20%蚓粪或25%牛粪。牛粪、蚓粪可作为高效的有机肥,应用于塿土培肥,对推进畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用和加强农业面源污染防治、改善生态环境及发展绿色农业具有重要意义。【Objective】The objective was to study the effects of cattle manure and earthworm cast on Lou soil fertility characteristics and explore effective ways to better fertilize the soil.【Method】Cattle manure and earthworm cast with mass ratios of 5%,10%,20%and 25%were applied to Lou soil and cultured in indoor phenological cabinet under laboratory conditions.After 60 days of incubation,the fertility changes of Lou soil under different treatments were determined.【Result】Compared to those of control soil,the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen in loess soil increased significantly with the increased application of cattle manure and earth cast.Results of principal component analysis showed that 25%cattle manure treatment was conducive to increasing the contents of total potassium,available phosphorus,organic matter,total nitrogen and ammonium in soil,while 20%earthworm cast treatment was beneficial to increase the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,total potassium,ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen in soil and had the highest values among treatments.【Conclusion】The application of cattle manure and earthworm cast could significantly increase the fertility of Lou soil,especially at 20%of earthworm cast and 25%of cow manure.Cattle manure and earthworm cast could be used as efficient organic fertilizer and applied to fertilize Lou soil,and they were of great significance to promote the resources utilization of livestock and poultry wastes,strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution,improve the ecological environment and develop green agriculture.

关 键 词：有机肥 蚓粪 塿土 主成分分析 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]