霍尔效应副效应研究及地磁场水平分量测量  

Research on the associated effects in Hall effect and the measurement of the horizontal component of the geomagnetic filed

作　　者：许磊[1] 方立青 肖杉 吴波[1] 毛杰键[1] XU Lei;FANG Li-qing;XIAO Shan;WU Bo;MAO Jie-jian(School of Physics and Electronic Information,Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao,Jiangxi 334001,China)

机构地区：[1]上饶师范学院物理与电子信息学院

出　　处：《大学物理》2019年第8期30-38,共9页College Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11505116);江西省自然科学基金(20171BAB211013);江西省教育厅科学研究基金(GJJ161062)资助

摘　　要：霍尔效应实验中存在多种副效应,一般认为有爱廷豪森效应、能斯脱效应、里纪-勒杜克效应、不等位电势差、焦耳热电势差等副效应.事实上,地磁场也会对霍尔电压产生影响.研究表明上述副效应中,除爱廷豪森效应以外的其他五种副效应可通过对称测量法予以消除.实验结果显示,不等位电势差影响最大,其次是地磁场效应和焦耳热电势差,而能斯脱效应、里纪-勒杜克效应可以忽略.此外,利用霍尔效应实验仪测量出上饶当地地磁场水平分量约为30.6μT.Different associated effects have the influence on the Hall voltage measured in the experiment of Hall effect,such as the Ettinghausen,Nernst,Righi-Ledue,IR drop,thermoelectric drop.In fact,geomagnetic filed also has the effect on the measurement of the Hall voltage.This study has shown that these associated effects could be eliminated by the method of symmetric measurement except the Ettinghausen effect.The influence of IR drop is prominent,and the influence of thermoelectric drop and Geomagnetic filed effects take the second place,while the contributions of the Nernst and Righi-Ledue effects could be ignored.Moreover,the Horizontal component of the geomagnetic filed in Shangrao,measured by the experiment of Hall effect,is about 30.6μT.

关 键 词：霍尔效应 不等位电势差 地磁场水平分量 

分 类 号：O4-34[理学—物理]