择期冠脉介入术前老年患者运动耐力的现况分析  

Analysis on Current Condition of Exercise Tolerance in Senile Patients Prior to Selective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

作　　者：顾海燕[1] 赵春艳[2] 赵慧华[2] 朱嘉鹛 吕萍 孙玉肖[2] GU Haiyan;ZHAO Chunyan;ZHAO Huihua;ZHU Jiaying;LU Ping;SUN Yuxiao(Tongji Hospital of Tongji University,Shanghai,200065;Shanghai East Hospital of Tongji University,Shanghai,220120)

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院,上海200065 [2]同济大学附属东方医院,上海220120

出　　处：《上海护理》2019年第8期5-9,共5页Shanghai Nursing

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养项目(PWRd2015-05)

摘　　要：目的调查并分析择期行经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术前老年患者的运动耐力现况。方法选取2016年1月—2017年6月收治于同济大学附属东方医院行择期PCI术的老年患者102例,在术前进行6分钟步行试验、活动平板运动试验,观察运动耐力情况。结果术前患者的运动耐力高限集中在5.0代谢当量。术前活动平板试验结果显示在5.0代谢当量时,患者的Borg指数增至(14.31±3.00)分。术前活动平板运动试验水平随活动耐力增加,不同性别患者在心率方面比较,差异有统计学意义;Borg指数比较,差异无统计学意义。6分钟步行试验结果显示,患者步行距离为(361.69±45.74)m,Borg指数(11.45±3.49)分,不同性别患者在步行距离、Borg指数、血压、氧饱和度等方面比较,差异无统计学意义。6分钟步行试验前后与活动平板运动试验前后比较,心率和Borg指数比较,差异有统计学意义;血压波动比较,差异无统计学意义。结论择期PCI术前老年患者的运动耐力较差,6分钟步行试验能够提高老年冠心病患者的运动耐力,相较活动平板运动试验更易操作。应了解患者术前的运动耐力,制订术后康复运动处方,以加快患者的疾病康复过程,改善患者的生活质量及远期预后。Objective To investigate and analyze the current condition of exercise tolerance in senile patients prior to selective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods 102 senile patients subject to selective PCI admitted to Shanghai East Hospital of Tongji University from January 2016 to June 2017 were enrolled to the study. The six-minute walk test (6MWT) and treadmill exercise test were conducted prior to the intervention procedure to observe the condition of exercise tolerance. Results The upper limit of exercise tolerance in the patients prior to the intervention procedure was concentrated at 5METs. When the preoperative treadmill showed 5 METs, the Borg scale score of the patients increased to (14.31 ± 3.00). The level of postoperative treadmill exercise test increased with the exercise tolerance, showing a difference with statistical significance in heart rate and without statistical significance in Borg scale score between male and female patients. The 6MWT distance was (361.69 ± 45.74) meters and the Borg scale score was (11.45 ± 3.49). The differences in the 6MWT distance, Borg scale index, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, etc. between male and female patients were not statistically significant. Comparisons between before and after the 6MWT and treadmill exercise test indicated that, the differences in heart rate and Borg scale score were statistically significant and the difference in blood pressure fluctuation was not statistically significant. Conclusion The exercise tolerance of senile patients before selective PCI was poor. 6MWT can improve the exercise tolerance of senile patients with coronary heart disease, and is easier to conduct than the treadmill exercise test. It is necessary to learn the preoperative exercise tolerance of patients and accordingly prescribe the postoperative rehabilitation exercise, so as to expedite the rehabilitation process of patients and improve patients' quality of life and long-term prognosis.

关 键 词：冠心病 老年患者 经皮冠状动脉介入 PCI 运动耐力 

分 类 号：R473.54[医药卫生—护理学]