植物对重金属铬胁迫响应机制的研究进展  

Recent advances in plant response to chromium stress

作　　者：钟旻依 张新全[1] 杨昕颖 胡乙月 姜杏 聂刚[1] ZHONG Minyi;ZHANG Xinquan;YANG Xinying;HU Yiyue;JIANG Xing;NIE Gang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《草业科学》2019年第8期1962-1975,共14页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家现代牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34);国家自然科学基金(31801432)

摘　　要：近年来,土壤重金属污染日益加剧。由于铬(Cr)在化工业中的广泛应用,其向环境释放速度加快,成为一种主要的环境污染重金属离子。土壤重金属污染是影响植物生长、发育的主要非生物胁迫之一,严重时可将植物致死且存在对人类食品安全的潜在威胁。铬离子对植物的影响因价态而有所不同,主要通过阻碍植物种子发芽、抑制地上部和地下部生长以及损害细胞结构等方式影响植物正常生命活动。本文综述了铬离子胁迫对植物生长发育、生理生化及分子调控等多方面的影响,将植物对铬胁迫的响应机制做多层面的总结梳理,以期为今后开发土壤重金属铬污染修复植物、选育耐重金属铬胁迫低毒作物、研究植物耐重金属胁迫机制提供思路。In recent years,heavy metal contamination of soils has worsened.For example,the release of chromium into the environment by the chemical industry is accelerating,and as such,Cr has become one of the main heavy metal ions causing environmental pollution.The contamination of soils by heavy metals is one of the main abiotic stressors that affects plant growth and development,and severe cases of heavy metal stress can even kill plants entirely.In addition,such pollution also represents a potential threat to human food safety.The effects of Cr depends on ionic charge,and Cr pollution mainly affects plant processes by inhibiting seed germination,blocking plant growth and development,and damaging cell structure.In this review,the effects of Cr stress on plant growth,physiology,biochemistry,and molecular regulation are summarized,thereby providing valuable insight into the selection of plants for remediating chromium-polluted soil,breeding of low-toxicity Crtolerant crops,and analyzing the mechanism of plant resistance to heavy metal stress.

关 键 词：重金属 铬 土壤污染 分子调控 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]