黄土高原丘陵沟壑区3种裹包青贮的肉羊瘤胃体外发酵性能  

In vitro rumen fermentation performance in mutton sheep for three kinds of wrapped-silage forage from the hill and gully region of the Loess Plateau

作　　者：张霞[1] 高宏元 王虎成[1] ZHANG Xia;GAO Hongyuan;WANG Hucheng(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock industry innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Grassland Agriculture Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州大学草地农业教育部工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草业科学》2019年第8期2135-2141,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：定西市安定区草地农业试验示范区建设(GCLM2017)

摘　　要：本研究选用黄土高原丘陵沟壑区推广应用的3种裹包青贮为试验材料,将3种裹包青贮作为发酵底物,利用体外发酵产气法评定不同饲草裹包青贮在肉羊瘤胃的发酵性能。结果表明,玉米(Zea mays)青贮和燕麦(Avena sativa)青贮在同一时间点的累积产气量差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于苜蓿(Medicago sativa)青贮(P<0.05);3种裹包青贮的产气速率(c)不存在显著差异(P>0.05),玉米青贮和燕麦青贮的慢速发酵部分产气量(b)、潜在产气量(a+b)及48 h累积产气量(gas production,GP)均无显著差异(P>0.05),但二者均显著高于苜蓿青贮(P<0.05);玉米青贮和燕麦青贮的氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度和代谢能(metabolism energy,ME)均无显著差异(P>0.05),玉米青贮和燕麦青贮NH3-N浓度显著高于苜蓿青贮(P<0.05),ME显著低于苜蓿青贮(P<0.05)。3种裹包青贮的pH、体外干物质消失率(in vtiro dry matter digestibility,IVDMD)均无显著差异(P>0.05);3种裹包青贮在体外发酵48 h后培养液中的总挥发性脂肪酸(total volatile fatty acids,TVFA)浓度和丁酸比例均亦不存在显著差异(P>0.05);乙酸比例和乙酸/丙酸(acetic/propionic,A/P)比均为苜蓿青贮显著高于玉米青贮和燕麦青贮(P<0.05);苜蓿青贮丙酸比例(15.95%)显著低于玉米青贮(23.98%)和燕麦青贮(24.43%)(P<0.05)。本研究条件下,禾本科饲草(玉米、燕麦裹包青贮),其体外产气量、体外干物质消化率和代谢能均高于豆科饲草(苜蓿裹包青贮),但其氨态氮和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度指标苜蓿裹包青贮高于禾本科饲草(玉米、燕麦裹包、青贮),其为今后肉羊饲粮配制提供了理论参考;且本研究结果表明,继续深入裹包青贮型优质饲草的组合效应对今后饲料高效利用十分必要。To evaluate the fermentation performance of different wrapped silage forage in mutton sheep rumen by using the in vitro fermentation gas production method,three kinds of wrapped silage were selected as experimental material from the hill and gully region of the Loess Plateau. The results showed no significant differences in cumulative gas productionbetween corn (Zea mays) silage and oat (Avena sativa) silage (P > 0.05);however, the cumulative gas production of bothsilages was significantly higher than that for alfalfa (Medicago sativa silage) (P < 0.05). There was no significant differencein gas production rate (c) among the three kinds of wrapped silage (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in partialgas production (b), potential gas production (a + b), and 48 h cumulative gas production (GP) between corn silage and oatsilage (P > 0.05);however, these were significantly higher than that for alfalfa silage (P < 0.05). Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N)concentration and metabolic energy (ME) were not significantly different between corn silage and oat silage (P > 0.05). TheNH3-N concentration of corn silage and oat silage was significantly higher than that for alfalfa silage (P < 0.05);however,the ME was significantly lower than that for alfalfa silage (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the pH and invitro dry matter disappearance rate (IVDMD) of the three kinds of wrapped silage forage (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there wasno significant difference in total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration and the butyric acid ratio between the three kinds ofsilage forage after 48 h fermentation in vitro (P > 0.05). The ratio of acetic acid and acetic/propionic (A/P) of alfalfa silagewere significantly higher than that of corn and oat silage (P < 0.05);however, the propionic acid ratio of alfalfa silage(15.95%) was significantly lower than that of corn (23.98%) and oat (24.43%) (P < 0.05) silage. In summary, GP, dry matterdigestibility, and ME in vitro of gramineous forage (corn and oat wrapped-silage) were hig

关 键 词：裹包青贮 小尾寒羊 体外发酵参数 产气动态 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]