顶板深孔爆破防治小煤柱冲击地压研究  

Study on Prevention and Control of Small Coal Pillar Rock Burst by Roof Deep Hole Blasting

作　　者：苏振国 邓志刚 李国营[3] 马斌文 李少刚 SU Zhenguo;DENG Zhigang;LI Guoying;MA Binwen;LI Shaogang(Mine Safety Technology Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;National Key Laboratory of Coal Resources High Efficient Mining and Clean Utilization(China Coal Research Institute),Beijing 100013,China;Inner Mongolia Huangtaolegai Coal Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017300,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司安全分院,北京100013 [2]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室(煤炭科学研究总院),北京100013 [3]内蒙古黄陶勒盖煤炭有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017300

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2019年第4期21-25,29,共6页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2018-TD-QN004)

摘　　要：以巴彦高勒煤矿1202回风巷小煤柱区域为研究对象,采用数值模拟、理论分析、钻孔窥视等方法,研究小煤柱区域应力分布状态及顶板断裂结构特征。对煤柱侧顶板卸压机制及其断裂结构进行了分析,结果表明:采空区顶板的断裂能够实现应力的转移和释放,较断裂前垂直应力降幅达32.0%、应力峰值位置向实体煤侧偏移4 m,同时有效降低了拐角煤体与其他区域的应力差值。划分了小煤柱侧顶板断裂类型,结合全断面窥视结果,确定出深孔爆破技术治理煤柱侧坚硬顶板的爆破参数。顶板治理措施实施后,巷道变形量得到有效控制,降低了小煤柱区域冲击地压危险程度。Taking the small coal pillar area of 1202 return air roadway in Bayangaole Coal Mine as the research object,the stress distribution state and roof fracture structure characteristics of the small coal pillar area were studied by means of numerical simulation,theoretical analysis and borehole peep.The pressure relief mechanism and fracture structure of coal pillar side roof were analyzed,the results show that the fracture of the goaf roof can achieve the transfer and release of stress,with a drop of 32.0%compared with the vertical stress before the fracture,and a 4 m shift of the area of stress peak value to the solid coal side,at the same time,the stress difference between the coal in the corner and other areas is reduced effectively.The fracture types of the side roof of small coal pillars were divided,and combined with the results of full section peep,the blasting parameters of hard roof on the side of coal pillar were determined by deep hole blasting technique.After the implementation of roof control measures,roadway deformation is effectively controlled,and the risk of rock burst in small coal pillar area is reduced.

关 键 词：厚煤层 坚硬顶板 小煤柱 冲击地压 深孔爆破 应力控制 全断面窥视 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]