白桦林早春植物物种组成及生物量  

Species Composition and Biomass of Early Spring Plants of Betula platyphylla Forest

作　　者：郑金萍[1] 庞博 范春楠[1] 黄晶 赵东宁 王鹤群 孟祥瑞 Zheng Jinping;Pang Bo;Fan Chunnan;Huang Jing;Zhao Dongning;Wang Hequn;Meng Xiangrui(Forestry College of Beihua University,Jilin 132013,China;Hunchun Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province,Hunchun 133300,China;Helong Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province,Helong 133500,China;Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County Forestry Bureau of Liaoning Province,Dandong 118200,China)

机构地区：[1]北华大学林学院,吉林吉林132013 [2]吉林省珲春林业局,吉林珲春133300 [3]吉林省和龙林业局,吉林和龙133500 [4]辽宁省宽甸满族自治县林业局,辽宁丹东118200

出　　处：《北华大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第5期605-610,共6页Journal of Beihua University（Natural Science）

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科学技术研究项目(JJKH20180350KJ);国家自然科学基金项目(31400387);北华大学“青年教师提升计划”

摘　　要：调查不同发育阶段白桦林群落早春植物,采用全收获法获取早春植物生物量,了解物种组成特征及生物量分配格局,分析影响群落内早春植物生物量的因素.结果表明:白桦林群落共记录到早春植物5科13属21种.其中,罂粟科和毛茛科为优势科,包含3属8种和4属7种,属、种比例均在30%左右;报春花科为单属单种科.属的组成以紫堇属和银莲花属为主,共包含10种;白屈菜属等11个属为单种属,共占调查地早春植物种类组成的52%.桃山林场白桦中龄林早春植物总生物量为0.079 2 t/hm^2,地上生物量为0.042 9 t/hm^2,地下生物量为0.0 36 3 t/hm^2,均高于幼龄林,分别为幼龄林的2.91,3.01和2.80倍;胜利林场白桦中龄林中早春植物平均生物量为0.456 8 t/hm^2,根冠比为1.25.当林分郁闭度在0.65~0.70时,白桦林早春植物生物量最大.随着土壤A层厚度的增加,林分内早春植物生物量明显增加.The early spring plants of Betula platyphylla forest community were investigated at different development stages,and obtained the whole spring plants biomass by using total harvest method.To clear the characteristics of species composition and biomass allocation patterns of early spring plants in Betula platyphylla forest,and to analyze the factors affecting the biomass of early spring plants in the community.The results were as follows:there were 21 species,13 genera and 5 families in the early spring plants,and the Papaveraceae and the Ranunculaceae were dominant families,including 8 species,3 genera,and 7 species,4 genera.The proportion of genus and specie was about 30%respectively.The Primulaceae is with a single specie and genus.The genus consists of Corydalis and Anemone,with a total of 10 species;11 genera such as genus of Chelidonium are with single species,accounting for 52%of the early spring plant species composition.The total biomass of the early spring plants of middle-aged Betula platyphylla forest in Taoshan Forest Farm was 0.079 2 t/hm^2,the aboveground biomass was 0.042 9 t/hm^2,and the underground biomass was 0.036 3 t/hm^2,which was higher than that of the young forest,which were 2.91,3.01 and 2.80 times of the young forest.The average biomass of the early spring plants in the middle-aged forest of Betula platyphylla in Shengli Forest Farm was 0.456 8 t/hm^2,and the root to crown ratio was 1.25.When canopy density is between 0.65 and 0.70,the biomass of early spring plants in Betula platyphylla forest is the largest.With the increasing of the thickness of soil layer A,the biomass of early spring plants increased significantly.

关 键 词：早春植物 物种组成 生物量 白桦林 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] S718.52[农业科学—林学]