2015年上海崇明岛PM2.5和 PM10浓度变化特征及气象因素影响分析  

Analysis on Variation Characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 Concentration and Influence of Meteorological Factors in Shanghai Chongming Island in 2015

作　　者：吴健[1] 齐晓宝 苏敬华[1] 李佳凤 沙晨燕[1] 熊丽君[1] 王敏[1] Wu Jian;Qi Xiaobao;Su Jinghua;Li Jiafeng;Sha Chenyan;Xiong Lijun;Wang Min(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China;Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 200092,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海200092 [3]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海200237

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2019年第3期1-8,共8页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(STCSM-15dz1208100)

摘　　要：通过对2015年1-12月上海崇明岛崇南地区颗粒物(PM2.5、PM10)浓度的连续监测,研究了PM2.5、PM10在不同季节的动态变化特征及与其他因子(SO2、NO2、O3)的相关性,分析了风向风速和降雨对颗粒物浓度的影响。结果表明:崇明岛PM2.5和PM10浓度的季节变化明显,呈现冬季的>春季的>秋季的>夏季的的特征,冬季PM2.5和PM10小时浓度均值分别为0.058mg/m^3和0.085mg/m^3,夏季PM2.5和PM10均值分别为0.034mg/m^3和0.054mg/m^3。PM2.5和PM10浓度分别与SO2浓度和NO2浓度显著正相关,与O3显著负相关。全年来看,在西南风向时PM2.5和PM10浓度较高,这主要受该方向上游吴淞工业区、宝钢、石洞口电厂、罗店工业区等工业排放影响;从高浓度颗粒物(PM2.5质量浓度≥0.115mg/m^3)来向看,北和西北风向时出现高浓度颗粒物的频率最高,这主要是受到我国北方采暖季大气颗粒物输送过程对崇明岛区域的脉冲式污染影响所致;PM2.5、PM10实时浓度与相应的风速呈显著负相关。降雨量大于5mm或持续3h及以上的连续降雨对大气颗粒物起到显著的湿清除作用,降雨后PM2.5和PM10质量浓度分别降低了68.0%和66.9%,降雨时和雨后PM2.5浓度为0.025~0.033mg/m^3,均低于我国环境空气PM2.5的一级浓度限值。The temporal variations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 in different seasons and their correlation with other pollution factors(SO2,NO2 and O3)were studied through the continuous atmospheric particle monitoring in the southern area of Chongming island from January to December,2015.The influence of meteorological factors(including wind direction,speed and rainfall)on particulate mass concentration was analyzed as well.The results showed that the concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were significantly seasonally different,the highest in winter,followed by spring and autumn,and the lowest in summer.The average hourly concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 reached 0.058 mg/m^3 and 0.085 mg/m^3 respectively in winter,while the average concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 0.034 mg/m^3 and 0.054 mg/m^3 in summer respectively.The concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were positively correlated with SO2 and NO2,while it showed a significant negative correlation with O3.For the full year,the concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were relatively high with the southwest wind direction,which was mainly due to industrial emission from Wusong industrial zone,Baosteel plant,Shidongkou power plants,Luodian industrial zone and so on.The high concentrations of PM 2.5(≥0.115 mg/m^3)mainly appeared with the north and northwest wind direction,which was influenced by impulse particulate pollution transport from northern China during heating season.The real time concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were negatively correlated with wind speed.Rainfall greater than 5 mm or continued more than 3 h had a significant wet cleaning effect on particulate matter.The average concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 decreased 68.0%and 66.9%respectively.The concentration of PM 2.5 was between 0.025 mg/m^3 and 0.033 mg/m^3 during and after the rain,which was lower than PM 2.5 concentration limit in the national ambient air quality standard.

关 键 词：PM2.5 PM10 变化特征 气象因素 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X82