新中国70年外交哲学进路——革命、平等与引领  

Philosophical Revolution in Chinese Diplomacy——Revolution, Equality, and Leadership

作　　者：刘贞晔 LIU Zhengye

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学全球化与全球问题研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《国际展望》2019年第5期33-53,153,154,共23页Global Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大专项课题“构建人类命运共同体基础理论研究”(18VSJ002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：新中国成立70年来的外交哲学演进经历了三个主要阶段,即新中国成立后前30年以革命哲学为主导的阶段,改革开放后30多年以平等哲学为主导的阶段,以及21世纪第二个十年以来引领哲学的价值指引更为突出的新时代。革命外交哲学的核心价值是以新的国际秩序代替旧的国际秩序。它起始于“一边倒”方针,中间经过万隆会议、中苏大论战以及“中间地带”和“三个世界”理论的探索,最终使中国找到了新的独立身份。平等外交哲学既受毛泽东时代革命哲学探索的启迪,同时也是在批判革命哲学的背景下产生的。它强调国家间一律平等的工具价值服务于中国发展和崛起的目的性价值,成功推动了中国国内发展,并使中国成为国际舞台上的深度参与者。引领外交哲学萌生于中国对国际事务的深度参与阶段,在新时期的中国外交中得到凸显。它强调中国在外交上的引领者和塑造者角色,与平等哲学和革命哲学共同构成了新时代的外交哲学内涵,中国有望在此哲学价值指引下走向一个新的大外交时代。The philosophical evolution in Chinese diplomacy has gone through three phases over the past seventy years.In the first thirty years after the founding of the People’s Republic a revolutionary philosophy dominated Chinese thinking.In the thirty years after the launch of the reform and opening-up,a philosophy of equality characterized China’s diplomacy.Since the beginning of the twenty-first century,a leadership-oriented philosophy has emerged as the major line of thinking.The core tenet of revolutionary diplomacy is to replace a declining Western-dominated order with a new more balanced order.This philosophy oriented China’s diplomacy in a pro-Soviet direction at first,changed course after the Sino-Soviet split,and ended in Chairman Mao’s division of the global landscape into three worlds.The diplomatic philosophy of equality inherited some features of Mao’s revolutionary mindset but emphasized state-to-state relations on an equal footing.It served,first and foremost,China’s national interests rather than an ideological cause.It enabled China to engage with the rest of the world as an emerging economic power.A leadership-oriented philosophy emerged after China became a stakeholder of an increasingly interconnected world order and began to explore how to shape the future world with its growing national power.While preserving some tenets of the preceding two philosophies,the new philosophy emphasizes China’s leadership role in global governance reforms.

关 键 词：中国外交70年 外交哲学 革命哲学 平等哲学 引领哲学 

分 类 号：D82[政治法律—政治学]