基于宏基因组学的三峡库区重庆主城段水体浮游微生物群落的组成和功能分析  

Composition and Functions of Planktonic Microbial Communities Based on Metagenomic Approach:A Case Study in Chongqing Urban Section of the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：罗芳 鲁伦慧[2,3] 李哲 付川[1] 闫彬[1] LUO Fang;LU Lunhui;LI Zhe;FU Chuan;YAN Bin(Institute of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404100,China;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院环境与化学工程学院,重庆404100 [2]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [3]中国科学院水库水环境重点实验室,重庆400714

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2019年第3期1-10,共10页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0404705）;国家自然科学基金（51509233）;重庆市万州区科技计划项目（wzstc-042017108,wzstc-042017109）;重庆市基础与前沿研究计划（cstc2017jcyjAX0243）

摘　　要：三峡水库建成以来,水生环境发生了显著的变化,水库浮游微生物在关键生源要素循环中发挥关键驱动作用。为了分析三峡库区重庆段水体浮游微生物的功能及多样性,于2015年5月对三峡库区重庆主城段(北碚、朱沱、木洞)表层水环境总DNA样本进行了提取。调查水域总磷(total phosphorus,TP)、总氮(total nitrogen,TN)已分别达到IV、V类水标准,水体污染主要是由TN,TP造成的,各调查水域均处于中营养至重富营养状态。基于宏基因组学技术在Illumina HiSeq 4000平台上对总的浮游微生物进行了序列测定,分析了重庆主城段水环境浮游微生物的物种以及功能结构特征。结果显示,朱沱和木洞点位水体优势门为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。北碚点位水体优势门为放线菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门和蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)。在属水平上,颤藻属(Oscillatoria)和微鞘藻属(Microcoleus)只出现在北碚点位的嘉陵江表层水体,其余两处几乎没有。在对3组样本一共99 472条基因进行通路分析时,有54 340条有功能注释结果。由直系同源聚类(cluster of orthologous group,COG)注释结果得知,浮游微生物物种基因的主要功能为翻译、核糖体结构和生物合成、氨基酸转运和代谢。Pearson相关分析结果显示:水温(T)、总碳(total carbon,TC)、溶解有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)是影响三峡库区重庆段浮游微生物群落结构的重要环境因子。Since the Three Gorges Reservoir was built,the aquatic habitat has undergone significant changes,and the reservoir planktonic microbial communities play a key role in the cycles of key source factors.To ana?lyze the function and diversity of planktonic microbial communities in the Three Gorges Reservoir,the total DNA was extracted from surface water samples taken in the Chongqing urban section(Beibei,Zhutuo,Mudong)of the Reservoir in May 2015.The total phosphorus(TP)and total nitrogen(TN)of the surveyed water samples have reached those of eater quality IV and V,respectively.Water pollution was caused mainly by TN,TP,and the water quality was between mid and heavy eutrophication level.The overall sequence of planktonic microbe was tested based on metagenomic technology on Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform,and the planktonic microbial species and functional structure of the water environment were also analyzed.The results showed that the domi?nant phyla in water included Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes at the sampling site Mudong and Zhutuo,and Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes at Beibei.At the genus level,Oscil?latoria and Microcoleus only appeared in the surface waters of the Jialing River at the sampling site Beibei,and were almost absent at the other two sites.Total 99 472 genes were obtained,and 54 340 genes were annotated.The results of functional classification based on cluster of orthologous group(COG)analysis showed that the main functions of planktonic microbial genes were translation,ribosomal structure and biogenesis as well as amino acid transport and metabolism.Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that temperature(T),total carbon(TC),dissolved organic carbon(DOC)were important factors influencing the community structure of planktonic mi?crobes in the Chongqing urban section of the Three Gorges Reservoir.

关 键 词：宏基因组学 三峡库区 浮游微生物群落 物种-功能 皮尔森相关性分析 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]