基于红外相机技术的川金丝猴地面活动监测  

Ground Activities of the Sichuan Snub-nosed Monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana) Revealed by Infrared-triggered Cameras

作　　者：张龙[1,2] 邓玥 钟雪 白文科 周材权 王彬[1,2] ZHANG Long;DENG Yue;ZHONG Xue;BAI Wenke;ZHOU Caiquan;WANG Bin(Institute of Rare Animal&Plant,Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation of Ministry of Education,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,Sichuan,China;Institute of Ecology,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,Sichuan,China;Baishuihe National Nature Reserve,Pengzhou 611930,Sichuan,China;Editorial Department of Jour?nal,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637002 [2]西华师范大学生态研究院,四川南充637002 [3]白水河国家级自然保护区,四川彭州611930 [4]西华师范大学学报编辑部,四川南充637009

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2019年第3期68-73,共6页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：西华师范大学博士科研启动项目(17E075);西华师范大学国家级一般培育项目(18B028);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2019YFS0460)

摘　　要：川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)属猴科(Cercopithecidae)疣猴亚科(Colobinae),但与疣猴亚科大多数物种的树栖习性不同,川金丝猴在生活史过程中展现出一定的地栖性。为了解该物种下地活动的节律、行为分布和性别-年龄组成,采用红外相机技术对四川省白水河国家级自然保护区内野生川金丝猴种群的地面活动进行了长期监测。2013—2018年共建立了70个红外相机监测位点,获得86次川金丝猴地面活动的独立捕捉,涉及243只个体。分析结果显示:(1)川金丝猴会在白昼的任何时间下地活动,11:00和19:00为一天中2个下地活动的高峰时段,而17:00为低谷期;(2)夏季川金丝猴下地活动较频繁,冬季则极少;(3)60%以上的个体都在地面进行移动行为,约30%的个体在休息,取食行为仅观察到2例;(4)地面活动个体的成年猴雌雄性比为1.21∶1,成年猴与未成年猴比为4.09∶1。本研究结果表明,移动是猴群地面活动的主要行为内容,并且下地倾向在性别和年龄间存在差异,支持了川金丝猴下地的主要目的是为了穿越林冠不连续区域的假说。The Sichuan snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana)belongs to the subfamily Colobinae of family Cercopithecidae.Quite differing from the most species in the Colobinae that are typically arboreal,the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey is partly terrestrial.To understand their locomotion pattern,behaviors,sex and age composi?tions of the society and the differences in activities on the ground,a long-term field monitoring of project was conducted on the species found in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve by using infrared-triggered cameras.70 monitoring sites were established from 2013 to 2018,and 86 independent photo images or videos of 243 individ?uals were obtained.The analysis on the images shows that:(1)Monkeys descended to the ground any time in the day,but with two peaks around 11:00 am and 19:00 pm,respectively.They,however,were less likely to get to the ground around 17:00 pm;(2)They were more frequently found on the ground in summer,but less in winter;(3)More than 60%of the individuals were moving on the ground,and 30%were resting on the ground,with two feeding individuals;(4)The ratio of adult female to adult male found on the ground was 1.21:1,and that of adult to juvenile are 4.09:1.Thus,our study indicates that locomotion is the main ground behavior of the monkeys,and there exist remarkable variations among sexes and aged groups in terms of ground behavior patterns.The re?sults support the hypothesis that the primary purpose of descending to the ground of the species is to cross for?est-gaps while the canopy is discontinuous.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 地栖性 活动节律 性别-年龄组成 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]