牛抗体重链可变区超长CDRH3的形成机制及作用研究进展  

Research Progress of the Ultralong CDRH3s in Bovine Antibodies

作　　者：于迪 王喜凤[1,2] 赵要风 YU Di;WANG Xi-feng;ZHAO Yao-feng(College of Biological Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100194,China;Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院/农业生物技术国家重点实验室,北京100194 [2]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期441-446,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(31530070)

摘　　要：牛抗体重链可变区中含有较长的DH基因片段,由其参与形成了超长的CDRH3区域,超长CDRH3区域的形成增加了牛抗体的多样性与亲和力.本文阐述了牛抗体重链可变区超长CDRH3区域的研究现状.牛主要依赖其超长的DH8基因片段形成超长的CDRH3区域,通过CDRH3长度的变化、外切酶的剪切作用及体细胞超突变来形成其抗体的多样性.同时,牛抗体中超长的CDRH3区域通过β折叠与二硫键形成特殊的茎环结构也是抗体多样性形成的全新机制.牛经过免疫能产生针对HIV的泛中和抗体,表明此类超长CDRH3区域的出现可为抗体制备、疫苗开发等方面提供新的思路.Some bovine antibodies possess ultralong CDRH3 s(longer than 40 amino-acids),which are unique among animals that express antibodies.This review summarizes the research progress on the ultralong CDRH3 sin bovine antibodies.Briefly,the exceptionally long CDRH3 sare exclusively encoded by the DH8 segment,and the generation of diversity in bovine antibodies mainly depends on the variation of CDRH3 length and somatic hypermutation.The bovine ultralong CDRH3 can form a distinct domain byβ-ribbon‘stalk’and disulfide bonded‘knob’structures which represents a new mechanism for creating antibodies diversity.Interestingly,cows can elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV when immunized.The findings in cows will provide new ideas for antibody designing and vaccine development.

关 键 词：抗体 超长CDRH3 牛 

分 类 号：Q3[生物学—遗传学]