下咽癌放疗患者吞咽功能评估及放疗期间的进食管理  

Evaluation of swallowing function and dietary management for patients with radiotherapy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma

作　　者：刘锦莲 庞志明[1] LIU Jinlian;PANG Zhiming(Department of Radiotherapy,Foshan First People's Hospital,Foshan,Guangdong,528000)

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市第一人民医院放疗科

出　　处：《中西医结合护理（中英文）》2019年第7期118-120,共3页Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice

摘　　要：目的观察对下咽癌放疗患者实施评估吞咽功能及针对性进食指导的效果。方法对50例下咽癌放疗患者进行吞咽功能评估(反复唾液吞咽试验、洼田饮水试验),跟进评估结果,运用容积-黏度吞咽测试(V-VST)为患者选择合适食物性状,针对性给予饮食营养知识指导、进食技巧指导,密切观察患者的吞咽进食情况,及时关注和干预吞咽进食问题。结果50例患者中洼田饮水试验评定吞咽异常例数30(60.00%)例。50例患者中除1例因急性心血管疾病死亡外,其他49例患者均顺利完成放疗,无患者因营养不良不耐受放疗而放弃治疗,无患者发生窒息、误吸和吸入性肺炎等并发症。结论下咽癌放疗患者吞咽功能异常率高,及早关注患者的吞咽功能并给予针对性的进食管理,有利于改善患者的营养状况,提高放疗的耐受性,降低并发症,提高患者的生活质量。Objective To observe the effect of evaluation of swallowing function and dietary management for patients with radiotherapy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Totally 50 patients with radiotherapy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma underwent evaluation of swallowing function(repetitive saliva-swallowing test,water-swallow test).The dietary plan was designed based on the volume-viscosity swallowing test,and targeted dietary interventions about nutritional knowledge and eating skills were provided.Results Of 50 patients,30 cases with swallowing dysfunction according to the water-swallow test.All patients completed the whole course of radiotherapy except for 1 case as acute cardiovascular disease.There was no case of abandoning treatment as malnutrition,asphyxia,respiratory aspiration or aspiration pneumonia.Conclusion The early evaluation of swallowing function and targeted dietary management should be carried out,in order to improve the nutritional status of patients with radiotherapy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma,and reduce the risk of respiratory complications.

关 键 词：下咽癌 放射治疗 吞咽功能 评估 进食管理 洼田饮水试验 容积-黏度吞咽测试 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]