中国人财富焦虑症状的结构、测量及影响因素  

The money anxiety of Chinese people:Structure, measurement and influencing factors

作　　者：王浩宇[1] 罗薇[2] 方方[1] WANG HaoYu;LUO Wei;FANG Fang(School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;The Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理与认知科学学院,北京100871 [2]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2019年第8期996-1012,共17页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:91224008)资助

摘　　要：中国国民的财富焦虑是当下一个热点问题.研究1(n=309)通过半结构式访谈和探索性因素分析,发现财富焦虑包含四个维度:担忧认知、焦虑感受、与投资能力相关的焦虑,以及与投资选择相关的焦虑,并据此编制出财富焦虑量表;研究2采用验证性因素分析证实了这一四维模型,也验证了该量表具有良好的信效度;研究3对多个中国城市的居民进行大样本施测(n=1916),发现人口统计学变量、人格特质和个人经历都会对财富焦虑产生影响.文章首次探索了中国背景下财富焦虑的含义和结构,为后续研究提供了理论基础和有效的测量工具.The money anxiety of Chinese people is currently a hot issue.In Study 1(n=309),through semi-structured interview and exploratory factor analysis(EFA),we found that the money anxiety of Chinese people has four dimensions:worry,feeling of anxiety,investment ability,and investment choice.Then,the preliminary Chinese Money Anxiety Scale was developed.In Study 2,the four dimensional structure of the scale was verified by confirmatory factor analysis(CFA).Reliability and validity of the scale were also confirmed.In Study 3,we conducted a survey of Chinese people in multiple cities(n=1916).We found that demographic factors,personality traits,and past experience could affect the money anxiety.Our study is the first to explore the meaning and structure of the money anxiety of Chinese people.It provides the theoretical basis and an effective measurement tool for future research.

关 键 词：财富焦虑 群体心理 担忧认知 焦虑感受 财富增值 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]