高等植物K^+吸收及转运的分子机制研究进展  

Advances in understanding molecular mechanisms of K^+ uptake and transport in higher plants

作　　者：段慧荣[1] 周学辉[1] 胡静[2] 段潇蓉 田福平[1] 崔光欣 王春梅[1] 杨红善[1] DUAN Hui-rong;ZHOU Xue-hui;HU Jing;DUAN Xiao-rong;TIAN Fu-ping;CUI Guang-xin;WANG Chun-mei;YANG Hong-shan(Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science,Lanzhou 730050,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China;Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Corporation of China,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,甘肃兰州730070 [3]国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院,山西太原030000

出　　处：《草业学报》2019年第9期174-191,共18页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31700338);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(1610322019012);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项资金项目"寒生、旱生灌草新品种选育"(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-LIHPS-08)资助

摘　　要：K^+是植物生长必需的营养元素。K^+被植物根系吸收后,有效地向地上部转运,在跨膜转运的过程中主要由次级K^+转运蛋白和K^+通道介导。KT/HAK/KUP和HKT家族是参与植物体内K+吸收及转运的两类主要K+转运蛋白,其中HKT家族参与K^+转运的成员仅存在于单子叶植物中,它们在植物生长发育、渗透调节等过程中均发挥重要作用。Shaker家族是K^+通道中最早发现且研究最为深入的一类电压门控型通道,是植物K^+吸收的重要途径之一。本研究从结构特征、定位和组织表达、功能调控等方面对植物KT/HAK/KUP家族、HKT家族和Shaker通道进行综述,最后对未来的主要研究方向做了展望。As one of the major nutrients,potassium(K^+)is essential for plant growth and development.Large amounts of K^+need to be taken up from the soil and transported throughout the plant.The K^+transporters and the K^+channels mainly mediate K^+transport across the plasma membrane and the tonoplast membrane in plants.The HAK/KUP/KT family and the HKT family are two main groups of proteins which have been widely associated with K^+uptake and transport,and they fulfill diverse roles in plant growth processes,salt tolerance and osmotic potential regulation.K^+-permeable members of HKT family seem to be present in monocots only.The Shaker family,comprising voltage-gated channels,dominate the plasma membrane conductance of K^+in most environmental conditions.This review summarizes recent research and progress in understanding of the structure,localization,expression,function and regulation of three main K^+transport families.We also propose research hotspots and directions for future K^+research.

关 键 词：K^+吸收及转运 KT/HAK/KUP HKT SHAKER 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]