基于虚拟仪器的车床主轴回转精度测量仪的设计  

Design of lathe spindle rotation precision measuring instrument based on virtual instrument

作　　者：曾晗[1] ZENG Han(Department of Modern Manufacturing Engineering,Yibin Vocational and Technical College,Yibin Sichuan 644003)

机构地区：[1]宜宾职业技术学院现代制造工程系

出　　处：《辽宁师专学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期78-83,共6页Journal of Liaoning Normal College(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：车床主轴回转精度是衡量车床性能的重要指标.为此设计一款基于虚拟仪器的车床主轴回转精度测量仪,在数字式单向测量法的基础上改进了测量方法,并使用频谱校正的方法达到分离基准球偏心信号的目的.通过对测量方法仿真,验证了测量方法的可行性.该测量仪硬件部分采用了位移传感器、位移测量仪和数据采集卡采集主轴的回转误差信号并送入计算机;软件部分基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器技术开发,由采集、滤波、FFT、信号处理四个模块组成.当采集测量信号后,首先通过低通滤波消除高频干扰;然后对信号进行频谱分析和校正,实现对基准球偏心信号的分离;最后通过最小二乘圆中心对平均误差运动圆图像进行评定,最终确认车床主轴的回转误差。通过对测量仪的软件进行测试,验证了所设计的车床主轴回转精度测量仪能够满足实际测量要求.The rotation precision of lathe spindle is an important indicator to measure the performance of the lathe.A lathe spindle rotation precision measuring instrument based on virtual instrument is designed,and the measurement method is improved based on the digital unidirectional measurement method,and the spectrum correction method is used to separate the eccentricity error signal caused by standard ball installment.The feasibility of the measurement method is verified by computer simulation.The hardware of the instrument uses the displacement sensor,displacement measuring instrument and data acquisition card to collect the rotation error signal of the spindle and sends it to the computer.The software is based on LabVIEW virtual instrument technology,which consists of four modules:collecting,filtering,FFT and signal processing.After collecting the measurement signals,the high-frequency interference is first eliminated by low-pass filtering;and the eccentricity error signals of standard ball are separated by the spectrum analysis and correction of the signals;finally,the average error motion circle image is evaluated by the least square circle center to confirm the rotation error of lathe spindle.By testing the software of the instrument,it is verified that the designed lathe spindle rotation precision measuring instrument can satisfy the actual measurement requirements.

关 键 词：主轴精度 回转误差 虚拟仪器 频谱分析 

分 类 号：TH133.36[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]