牙山省级自然保护区濒危植物胡桃楸种群结构分析  

Anlysis of Population Structure Endangered Plants Juglans Mandshurica from the Yashan Mountain Nature Reserve

作　　者：刘美莹 张斐然 李淑萍 张浩 张萍[1] 王仲礼[1] 胡德昌[1] LIU Meiying;ZHANG Feiran;LI Shuping;ZHANG Hao;ZHANG Ping;WANG Zhongli;HU Dechang(School of Life Science,Ludong University,Shandong Yantai 264025)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2019年第4期6-10,17,共6页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目（No.31000308）;山东省林业科技创新项目（No.LYCX01-2018-01）;烟台市科技发展计划（No.2016ZH064）;山东省自然科学基金面上项目：国家Ⅱ级濒危植物胡桃楸山东地区片断化种群特征及遗传结构研究（No.ZR2019MC055)

摘　　要：国家II级濒危植物胡桃楸在烟台牙山省级自然保护区庙顶区域呈狭域分布格局,目前尚无具体保护措施,面临资源丢失风险。本研究利用典型样方法,统计该保护区内目标物种数量、胸径等数据,以径级结构代表年龄结构编制静态生命表,绘制期望寿命、存活曲线以及死亡率曲线等,分析种群结构特征以探讨动态变化规律。结果表明:(1)该区域胡桃楸自然繁殖较为正常,低龄级(Ⅰ和Ⅱ级)个体占59.3%,而高龄级(Ⅵ和Ⅶ级)则占6.7%;种群结构表现为增长型,部分样方呈现龄级缺失现象。(2)种群总体死亡率随着龄级增加大致表现为上升趋势,在第Ⅵ龄级出现高峰期(死亡率达63.8%);期望寿命随着龄级增加而逐渐降低。(3)该种群存活曲线基本符合DeeveyⅢ型,影响胡桃楸种群结构的主要因素是人为干扰(山体下部)以及环境筛选和种内竞争(山体中上部)。As endangered plant Class II in China,J.mandshurica is narrow distributed in the Miaoding area of the Yashan provincial nature reserve,Shandong Yantai.At present,there were no specific protection measures and faced the risk of resource loss.Using the typical sample method,the data of number and DBH of J.mandshurica in this area were counted,and the static life table was compiled by representing the age structure with the diameter class structure.Drawing the life expectancy,survival curve and mortality curve were used to analyze the population structure characteristics and dynamic changes.The results showed that:(1)In this nature reserve,the population structure of J.mandshurica was growth type,and some quadrats showed age class absence,which accounted for 59.3%of young individuals(Grade I and II)and 6.7%of adult individuals(Grade VI and VII).(2)The overall mortality of the population showed an upward trend with the increase of age class,and peaked in the grade VI(mortality rate was 63.8%).Life expectancy decreased with the increase of age class.(3)The survival curve of this population basically conforms to DeveeyⅢtype.The main factors affecting the population structure were human disturbance(Low slope position),environmental screening and intraspecific competition(Middle and Upper slope position).

关 键 词：濒危植物 胡桃楸 静态生命表 种群结构 

分 类 号：S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学] Q948.157[农业科学—林学]