1980-2015年云南坡耕地资源时空分布及演变特征分析  被引量:46

Spatio-temporal distribution and evolution characteristics of slope farmland resources in Yunnan from 1980 to 2015

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作  者:陈正发[1,2] 史东梅 何伟[2] 夏建荣 金慧芳 娄义宝[1] Chen Zhengfa;Shi Dongmei;He Wei;Xia Jianrong;Jin Huifang;Lou Yibao(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited of POWERCHINA,Kunming 650051,China)

机构地区:[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司,昆明650051

出  处:《农业工程学报》2019年第15期256-265,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基  金:公益性行业(农业)科研专项“坡耕地合理耕层评价指标体系建立(201503119-01-01)”

摘  要:坡耕地资源作为山丘区耕地的重要组成部分,分析坡耕地时空分布及演变特征对合理规划利用坡耕地资源、开展区域坡耕地水土生态环境治理具有重要意义。该文利用1980-2015年7个时相土地利用数据,采用土地利用转移矩阵、动态度模型、核密度分析和景观指数模型对云南坡耕地时空分布及演变特征进行分析。结果表明:1)云南坡耕地面积为472.55万hm2,占耕地面积的比例为69.79%,平均坡度为15.62°,不同分区坡耕地空间分布差异显著。2)近35年坡耕地与林地、草地、水田等土地利用类型发生了显著的动态转移过程,但转出与转入总体均衡,转移过程中坡耕地面积呈小幅增加趋势。3)大部分坡耕地坡度大于8°,其中>15°坡耕地比例高达78.54%,近35年来各坡度分级坡耕地均处于动态演变过程,坡度<15°的坡耕地面积呈增加趋势,而坡度>15°的坡耕地面积呈减小趋势,不同坡度分级坡耕地面积存在“减小→增大→减小”或“减小→增大→减小→增大”的动态变化过程,>25°坡耕地动态变化的波动幅度最大。4)近35年坡耕地核密度分布呈小幅度变化趋势,大部分区域坡耕地分布处于低密度区,高密度区面积占比最小,坡耕地分布呈现出4个显著的聚集分布带。5)坡耕地景观优势度在8种土地利用类型中处于中间位置,而破碎化特征则在8种土地利用类型中最为显著,近35年坡耕地景观破碎化程度减小,坡耕地集中连片程度得到加强。Slope farmland is an important part of cultivated land resources in hilly areas of China.Identifying the spatio-temporal distribution and evolution characteristics of slope farmland resources is of great significance for rational planning and utilization of slope farmland resources and water and soil ecological environment construction.In this paper,using the land use data for 7 time points from 1980 to 2015,based on GIS spatial analysis technology,dynamic degree model,kemel density estimation and landscape pattern index model,the spatio-temporal distribution pattern and evolution law of slope farmland in Yunnan for nearly 35 years were quantitatively analyzed.The results showed that:1)the area of slope farmland in Yunnan was 472.55×104 hm2,accounting for 69.79%of the cultivated land area,and the average slope was 15.62°.The relationship between the area ratio of slope farmland in different agricultural divisions was:Southwestern Yunnan>Northeastern Yunnan>Northwestern Yunnan>Southern fringe>Western Yunnan>Southeastern Yunnan>Central Yunnan,and the average slope size relationship was:Northwestern Yunnan>Southwestern Yunnan>Northeastern Yunnan>Western Yunnan>Southern fringe>Southeastern Yunnan>Central Yunnan.2)In the past 35 years,significant dynamic transfers had occurred in slope farmland,forest land,grassland and paddy fields,but the process of transfer in and out was generally balanced,and the area of slope farmland has a slight increase trend during the process of land use transfer.3)The slope of most slope farmland was more than 8°,and the proportion of slope farmland with slope>15°was 78.54%.The area of slope farmland with different slopes in the past 35 years had a dynamic process.It showed an increasing trend for the slope farmland area with slope<15°,while decreasing trend for the slope farmland area with slope>15°.The area of slope farmland with different slopes has the dynamic process of“decreased→increased→decreased”or“decreased→increased→decreased→increased”,and the fluctuatio

关 键 词:土地利用 GIS 模型 坡耕地 时空分布 核密度估计 云南 

分 类 号:TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] S127[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]

 

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