基于飞行数据的民机着陆安全影响因素研究  

Influencing Factors of Civil Aircraft Landing Safety Based on Flight Data

作　　者：王冉 高振兴 WANG Ran;GAO Zhenxing(College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2019年第4期27-34,共8页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1533120、U1733122)资助

摘　　要：飞机进场着陆阶段是飞行任务中的事故多发阶段,长着陆和重着陆是该阶段发生最为频繁的不安全事件。为探索诱发长着陆和重着陆的影响因素,考虑飞行数据的时间序列信息,结合实际飞行阶段对着陆因参数进行分段,并通过着陆阶段动力学分析,建立标准着陆模型;采用基于时间序列的灰色接近关联分析进行模型和方法验证,并找到影响长着陆和重着陆事件细节分段后的关键阶段飞行状态参数,再进一步通过灰典型相关分析方法寻找关键阶段的飞行状态参数与长着陆和中重着陆之间定量的关联性。灰色接近关联分析表明,跑道入口至接地段对2个不安全事件的影响最大;进一步的灰典型相关分析结果表明,载荷量达0.969 1的下降率对长着陆影响最大,载荷量达0.767 0的地速对重着陆影响最大。所得结论与飞行实际情况相符,能够为长着陆和重着陆的预防和风险控制提供参考。Landing phase is an accident-prone stage of aircrafts in flying missions.Long landings and hard landings are the most frequent unsafe events in this phase.In order to explore influencing factors of long landings and hard landings,time series information of flight data is considered.Parameters of landing factors are segmented according to the actual flight phases,and a standard landing model is established through dynamic analysis of landing stages.Grey close correlation analysis is used based on time series to verify the model and the method.The parameters of flight state in the critical stage are determined after detailed segmentation of long landings and hard landings.And the parameters are further analyzed by the gray canonical correlation analysis method to study quantitative correlation between the flight state parameters at the critical stage and the long landings/hard landings.The results show that the stage from runway entrance to grounding section has the greatest influence on the two unsafe events.Further analysis shows that the drop rate with load of 0.969 1 has the greatest impact on long landings;the ground speed with load of 0.767 0 has the greatest impact on hard landings.The conclusions obtained are consistent with the actual flight situations,and can provide references for prevention and risk control of long landings and hard landings.

关 键 词：飞行安全 长着陆 重着陆 时间序列 灰色接近关联分析 灰典型相关分析 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]