面向节能减排的机场地面运行优化研究  

Optimization of Airport Ground Operation for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

作　　者：高伟[1] 崔昳昕 康道驰 GAO Wei;CUI Yixin;KANG Daochi(College of Air Traffic Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学空中交通管理学院

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2019年第4期128-135,共8页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61571441);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0502405)资助

摘　　要：为了减少航空器在地面滑行阶段因等待造成的污染物排放量。在起飞着陆(LTO)循环污染物排放量计算模型基础上,研究了航空器在地面滑行阶段滑行动作类型及对应推力,将研究出的不同滑行动作对应推力值代入LTO循环计算模型,提出了基于滑行动作的航空器污染物排放量计算模型,并以该计算模型为目标函数,以航空器过机场关键节点时间为决策变量,考虑滑行冲突、滑行速度、航空器开始和结束滑行时间3种约束建立航空器场面节能减排滑行优化模型,并利用遗传算法对该模型求解。以哈尔滨机场航班数据进行实例计算,同时借助TAAM仿真软件对机场进行实际运行仿真。通过与TAAM输出仿真数据比较,经过模型优化后污染物排放量总体降低了32.89%,说明通过控制离场航空器推出时间和进场航空器经过其滑行路径关键节点时间可达到节能减排目的。In order to reduce pollutant emissions caused by waiting during the taxiing phase of aircrafts.Based on a model of pollutant emission calculation during take-off and landing(LTO)cycle,types of aircraft taxiing actions and corresponding thrust during ground taxiing phase are studied.Thrust values corresponding to different taxiing actions are substituted into the model.At the same time,a model of pollutant emission calculation for aircrafts based on taxiing actions is proposed.Taking the model as an objective function,and the time of aircrafts passing the airport key node as decision variable,considering three constraints of taxiing conflict,including taxiing speed,aircraft start,and end taxiing time,a optimization model for aircraft surface energy saving and emission reduction taxiing is established,and the model was solved by genetic algorithm.Based on the flight data of Harbin airport,the actual operation of the airport is simulated by TAAM simulation software.Compared with output simulation data,the pollutant emissions after optimization have been reduced by 32.89%,which indicates that energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved by controlling departure time of departing aircrafts and the time when the landing aircrafts passes through the critical nodes of its taxiing path.

关 键 词：航空管理 航空器地面滑行 污染物排放 遗传算法 TAAM仿真 

分 类 号：U8[交通运输工程]