不同成熟度水晶葡萄贮藏品质研究  

Study on the Storage Quality of Crystal Grapes with Different Maturity

作　　者：吉宁 王瑞 韩泽峰 杨湘黔 曹森 马立志 JI Ning;WANG Rui;HAN Zefeng;YANG Xiangqian;CAO Sen;MA Lizhi(School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Guiyang College/Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Fruit Processing,Guiyang 550005,China;Kaili City Dafengdong Township Xingjin Planting Professional Cooperative,Kaili 556000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院食品与制药工程学院/贵州省果品加工技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550005 [2]凯里市大风洞乡兴金种植专业合作社,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2019年第9期117-124,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2016]246);贵州省教育厅大学生创新创业训练计划一般项目(201610976038);凯里市科技计划项目(凯教科合[2015]-4-2号);贵阳市科技局-贵阳学院专项资金项目[GYU-KYZ(2019—2020)PT07-03]

摘　　要：为探索不同采收成熟度水晶葡萄贮藏后的商品价值,以3个不同时期采摘的水晶葡萄为试验对象,采用PE20保鲜袋为包装材料,在温度(1.0±0.3)℃、相对湿度(90±5)%条件下贮藏。结果表明,贮藏到60 d时,七成熟果实腐烂率(14.42%)、脱粒率(20.26%)、褐变率(25.16%)、可溶性固形物含量(12.07%)均低于八、九成熟果实,而硬度(270.19 g)高于八、九成熟果实,含水率在整个贮藏期各成熟度之间无差异;八成熟果实腐烂率(20.89%)、脱粒率(25.06%)、褐变率(33.88%)均比九成熟果实低,维生素C含量(0.080 mg/g)高于九成熟果实。综上,七成熟果实耐贮性虽优于八、九成熟果实,但七成熟果实可溶性固形物含量较低,导致口感不佳,九成熟果实维生素C含量低于八成熟果实,且腐烂、褐变、脱粒严重,商品价值较八成熟果实低。综上,水晶葡萄在八成熟时采收,更有利于提高贮藏后的商品性。In order to explore the commercial value of crystal grapes with different harvest maturity after storage,the crystal grapes picked in three different periods were taken as experimental objects,and PE20 fresh-keeping bags were used as packaging materials stored at(1.0±0.3)℃and relative humidity of(90±5)%.The results showed that stored for 60 days,the 70%maturity fruit’s rot rate(14.42%),threshing rate(20.26%),browning rate(25.16%),soluble solid content(12.07%)were lower than the 80%and 90%maturity.The hardness(270.19 g)was higher than the 80%and 90%maturity,and the water content did not differ among the maturity during the whole storage period.The 80%maturity fruit’s rot rate(20.89%),threshing rate(25.06%),browning rate(33.88%)were lower than those of the 90%maturity,and vitamin C content(0.080 mg/g)was higher than 90%maturity.In summary,the 70%maturity fruit’s storability was better than the 80%and 90%maturity,but its soluble solid content was lower,resulting in poor taste,and the 90%maturity fruit’s vitamin C content was lower than the 80%maturity.In addition,the 90%maturity fruit’s rot,browning and threshing were serious,and the commodity value was lower than that of the 80%maturity.Therefore,the comprehensive comparison showed that the crystal grape should be harvested at the 80%maturity,which would be more conducive to the commodity value after storage.

关 键 词：水晶葡萄 成熟度 贮藏 品质 商品性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]