非预期条件下女足运动员侧切动作中膝关节运动生物力学特性  

Sports Biomechanics Characteristic of Knee Joint During Sidestep-cutting Maneuver among Female Football Players on Unanticipated Condition

作　　者：邹利民 毛丽娟[1] 梁雷超[3] 汤运启 李震 ZOU Limin;MAO Lijuan;LIANG Leichao;TANG Yunqi;LI Zhen(School of Physical Education and Train?ing,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Physical Education,Jinggangshan University,Ji'an 343009,Jiangxi,China;School of Rehabilitation Sciences,Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences,Shanghai 201308,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]井冈山大学体育学院,江西吉安343009 [3]上海健康医学院康复学院,上海201318

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2019年第5期77-83,共7页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：上海市科委科研资助项目(15490503200)

摘　　要：为了了解非预期条件下女足运动员侧切动作中膝关节运动生物力学特征的变化及其带来的膝关节前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤风险,采用Vicon运动捕捉系统和Kistler三维测力台采集预期条件下和非预期条件下的女足运动员侧切动作时的下肢三维运动学和动力学参数;采用配对样本t检验对膝关节的角度、力矩、侧切力峰值等指标进行统计分析。结果显示:①预期条件下,触地时膝关节处于内翻状态,而非预期条件下则处于外翻状态;②非预期条件下,膝关节最大屈曲角度、最大外翻角度、最大内旋角度显著大于预期条件下的角度(P<0.05);③非预期条件下,膝关节主要受到外翻和外旋力矩的作用,预期条件下主要受到内翻和内旋力矩的作用;④非预期条件下,侧向地面反作用力明显大于预期条件下的反作用力(P<0.05)。由此可知:非预期条件下侧切动作在触地时刻的膝关节外翻姿态以及在缓冲阶段的更多外翻和内旋表现,可能是导致侧切过程中地面反作用力增大和膝关节力矩载荷性质转变的主要力学机制,说明非预期的侧切动作可能会增大ACL损伤发生的风险。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of unanticipated condition on knee joint biomechanics,and to discover the potential risk of ACL injuries during sidestep-cutting among female football players.Methods:Female football players were recruited in this study.Participants were asked to perform the sidestep-cutting technique during anticipated and unanticipated conditions.Kinematics data was recorded by Vicon and kinetic data was recorded by one force plate(Kistler).Knee joint angles,moments,and lateral Ground Reaction Force(GRI)were analyzed.Paired t-test was performed to compare the kinematics and kinetics variables between anticipated and unanticipated conditions.Results:1)Knee joint was varus in anticipated condition,while was at valgus in unanticipated condition.2)Maximum knee flexion angle,maximum knee valgus angle and maximum knee internal rotation angle were bigger in unanticipated condition,compared with anticipated condition during sidestep-cutting(P<0.05).3)The main effect was from valgus and external rotation moment in unanticipated condition while it was from varus and internal rotation moment in anticipated condition.4)The lateral GRI in unanticipated condition was lager than the anticipated condition(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with anticipate condition,the valgus status of knee joint and bigger valgus and internal rotation angle of knee joint at buffer phase might be the major biomechanics mechanism of bigger ground reaction force and natural transition of knee moment at unanticipated condition during side cutting.It indicated that side cutting movement might increase the risk of ACL injury at unanticipated condition.

关 键 词：女足运动员 侧切动作 膝关节 前交叉韧带 生物力学 

分 类 号：G843[文化科学—体育训练]