劳动力禀赋变化与生产条件差异下的农业技术选择——以中国水稻机插秧技术推广应用为例  

The choice of agricultural technology under the difference of labor endowment and production conditions:A case study on popularization of rice transplanting technology in China

作　　者：薛超[1] 周宏[1] XUE Chao;ZHOU Hong(College of Economics and Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第6期36-49,共14页Journal of Chongqing University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“稻作制度选择、农户收入与国家粮食安全——以长江流域双季稻区为例”(71473121);国家社会科学基金重大项目“农产品安全、气候变暖与农业生产转型研究”(13&ZD160);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏现代农业(水稻)产业技术体系产业经济研究团队(SXGC[2017]293)

摘　　要：农业生产要素禀赋状况变化与农业生产条件差异对农业技术进步有着重要的影响。通过23个水稻生产省(直辖市、自治区)2004—2015年的面板数据实证分析发现:随着水稻雇工工价不断上升和各地区水稻机插秧水平不断提高,各地区的农业生产条件也对水稻机插秧水平具有显著的影响,农业生产条件的差异是导致地区间水稻机插秧水平差异的重要原因。随着中国农业劳动力逐渐稀缺会诱致劳动节约型技术的不断出现和大量应用,但诱致性技术变迁机制的有效发挥还依赖于各地区农业生产条件。为进一步提高中国农业机械化水平,需要加大农业基础设施建设、改善农机作业条件和提高农机技术水平。The changes of agricultural production factor endowments and agricultural production conditions will have an important impact on agricultural technological progress.Through the empirical analysis of the panel data of 23 rice production provinces from 2004 to 2015,this paper finds that with the increasing wage of rice workers,the level of rice transplanting in various regions is also increasing.The difference of the condition of agricultural production is the important reason leading to the difference of rice transplanting level among regions.With the gradual emergence of agricultural labor force scarce,a large number of labor-saving technology(agricultural machinery technology)will emerge and continuously develop,but the induced technological change mechanism to play effectively also depends on the conditions of agricultural production.In order to improve the level of agricultural mechanization in China,it is necessary to increase the construction of agricultural infrastructure,improve the conditions of agricultural machinery and improve the level of agricultural machinery.

关 键 词：劳动力禀赋变化 诱致性技术变迁 农业生产条件 农业机械化水平 农业基础设施 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]