3种改良剂对铅锌矿渣中重金属形态及植物富集的影响  

Effects of three conditioners on plant enrichment and matrix forms of heavy metals in lead-zinc slag

作　　者：欧琪琪 陈永华 付雄略 柳俊 OU Qiqi;CHEN Yonghua;FU Xionglue;LIU Jun(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha Hunan 410004)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2019年第9期1026-1031,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(No.201509037);湖南省环保科研项目(湘财建指[2016]59号)

摘　　要：以衡阳市某铅锌尾矿库的矿渣作为土壤基质,泥炭土、红壤、蛭石作为改良剂,夹竹桃作为受试植物,进行室外盆栽试验,考察了3种改良剂对夹竹桃生长、重金属(Pb、Zn)富集转移能力以及土壤基质中Pb、Zn形态的影响。结果表明:(1)在5%(质量分数,下同)~15%的添加量下,3种改良剂均显著(p<0.05)提高夹竹桃的株高增量与生物量增量,根系形态指标值也均有所提高,总体改良效果为蛭石>泥炭土>红壤。(2)夹竹桃地下部分Pb、Zn含量高于地上部分,添加改良剂后地上部分与地下部分Pb、Zn含量降低,说明改良剂高效抑制了重金属在夹竹桃中的富集;红壤与蛭石可抑制夹竹桃体内Pb的转运,但泥炭土却对Pb的转运起促进作用;除蛭石15%处理外,其余所有处理均促进了Zn在夹竹桃体内的转运。(3)3种改良剂在不同添加量下均显著降低了矿渣中弱酸可提取态Pb、Zn的含量(p<0.05),有效降低了重金属Pb、Zn在土壤基质中的活性。In order to investigate the performance of three conditioners,outdoor pot experiments were conducted with slag of a lead-zinc tailings pond in Hengyang City as the soil matrix,peat soil,red soil and vermiculite as conditioners,and oleander as a test plant.The effect of three conditioners on growth of oleander was investigated,the accumulation and transfer of heavy metals(Pb,Zn)in plant as well as the form changes of Pb and Zn in soil matrix were also analyzed.The results showed that:(1)under the addition of 5%(mass fraction,the same below)-15%,the three conditioners significantly(p<0.05)increased the plant height increment and biomass increment of oleander,and the root morphological index values were also improved.The overall improvement effect of three conditioners was meteorite>peat soil>red soil.(2)The contents of Pb and Zn in the underground part of oleander were higher than those in the aboveground part and the addition of conditioners decreased the content of Pb and Zn in the aboveground and underground parts,indicating that the conditioners effectively inhibited the enrichment of heavy metals in oleander.Red soil and vermiculite could inhibit the transport of Pb in oleander,while peat soil promoted the transport of Pb.Except for treatment of 15%vermiculite,all of other treatments promoted the transport of Zn in oleander.(3)The three conditioners significantly reduced the content of Pb and Zn in the weak acid extraction state(p<0.05),and effectively reduced the activity of Pb and Zn in soil matrix.

关 键 词：改良剂 铅锌矿渣 重金属形态 夹竹桃 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]