超磁致伸缩激振器的结构优化及动态性能研究  

Structural optimization and dynamic performance of a giant magnetostrictive vibration exciter

作　　者：王安明[1,4] 孟建军[1,2,3] 胥如迅[1,2] 何昌雪[1] WANG Anming;MENG Jianjun;XU Ruxun;HE Changxue(School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Mechanical T&R Institute,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Engineering Technology Center for Information of Logistics&Transport Equipment,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Traction Power,Xi’an Railway Vocational&Technical Institute,Xi’an 710026,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学机电技术研究所,兰州730070 [3]甘肃省物流及运输装备信息化工程技术研究中心,兰州730070 [4]西安铁路职业技术学院牵引动力学院,西安710026

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2019年第17期184-190,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61563027)

摘　　要：超磁致伸缩激振器的结构决定其动态性能。为了提高激振器的动态性能,其驱动线圈采用减少匝数、增加线径、大电流驱动的设计方案。采用叠片式GMM棒,计算了它的几何参数,并选取了最佳的预压应力和磁场强度;设计驱动线圈时考虑了温度的影响,优化了它的几何尺寸和磁路设计,驱动磁场由方波信号叠加直流分量产生;建立了激振器的数学模型,用MATLAB进行了仿真,分析了其阶跃响应。实验表明,激振器的动态性能显著提高,应用效果到达了振动时效的要求。研究结果为超磁致伸缩激振器的结构优化与设计提供参考依据,具有重要的工程应用价值。The dynamic performance of a giant magnetostrictivevibration exciter depends upon its structure.Here,in order to improve its dynamic performance,its driving coil’s design scheme ofreducing turn number,increasing wire diameter and large currentdriving was adopted.Laminated GMM rod was adopted and its geometric parameters were calculated,and the optimal pre-compression stress and magnetic field intensity were selected.Effects of temperature were considered during designing the driving coil,and its geometric size and magnetic circuit design were optimized.The driving magnetic field was generated through superimposinga square wave signaland a DC component.The mathematical model of the vibration exciter was established,and simulated with MATLAB.Its step response was analyzed.Test results showed that the dynamic performance of the vibration exciter is obviously improved and its application effect can meet the requirements of vibration ageing;the results can provide a basis for structural optimization and design of giant magnetostrictive vibration exciters,so they are valuable for engineering application.

关 键 词：超磁致伸缩材料 激振器 结构优化 阶跃响应 幅频特性 

分 类 号：TP211[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]