华中五味子雄花生长发育特征研究  

The growth and developmental characteristics of Schisandra sphenanthera male flower

作　　者：袁小军[1] 王森[2] 郭红艳[1] 钟秋平[1] YUAN Xiaojun;WANG Sen;GUO Hongyan;ZHONG Qiuping(The Experimental Centre of Subtropical Forestry,CAF,Fenyi 336600,Jiangxi,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Product of State Forestry Administration,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600 [2]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2019年第10期1-6,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“经济林高效生产关键技术研究与示范”(2013BAD14B00)

摘　　要：通过对华中五味子雄花发育特征的研究,旨在为遗传育种和栽培管理提供参考。采用SMZ—168体视显微镜对华中五味子不同发育时期雄花形态特征进行观察,采用石蜡切片法对其细胞结构特征进行研究,采用蒽酮乙酸乙酯比色法测量其花部可溶性糖的含量,采用考马斯亮蓝法测量其花部可溶性蛋白的含量。不同发育时期花柄细胞结构无明显差异,由内至外分别为维管柱、皮层和表皮;不同发育时期花瓣细胞结构无差异,随着花的发育,薄壁细胞不断分裂,花瓣增厚,花瓣上存在气孔;花药及花粉在Ⅴ(花冠展开期)发育成熟,外部形态表现为内侧花瓣全部变红,外侧花瓣绿色,花蕾顶部露出红色,花瓣逐渐展开。不同发育时期,雄花花柄、花瓣、雄蕊中可溶性糖含量均在Ⅵ(盛开期)时期达到最大值;华中五味子同一发育时期不同部位中,雄花花瓣中可溶性糖含量最高。华中五味子不同发育时期,雄花花柄、花瓣、雄蕊中可溶性蛋白质含量先降低后升高;同一发育时期不同花部,雄花花柄、雄蕊中可溶性蛋白质含量相对较高。花药及花粉在Ⅴ(花冠展开期)发育成熟,外部形态表现为内侧花瓣全部变红,外侧花瓣绿色,花蕾顶部露出红色,花瓣逐渐展开;发育时期、花部位对其可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量存在极显著影响。In order to provide basis for its genetic breeding studies and cultivation management,growth and developmental characteristics of its male flower were studied.At different development stages of S.sphenanthera male flowers,the morphological characteristics were observed by using SMZ-168 stereomicroscope,the cell structure characteristics were studied by paraffin method,the solubility sugar of S.sphenanthera male flowers were measured by anthrone-ethyl acetate acid colorimetry,the soluble protein were measured by coomassie Brilliant blue G-250 method.The cell structure of flower stalk which included vascular cylinder,cortex and epidermis had no difference at different development stage of the male flowers.The cell structure of petal also had no difference at different development stage of the male flowers,the thickness of petal increased because of the parenchymal cell division and there were stomas on petals.The anthers and pollens were mature at flower coming into bloom stage(Ⅴ),the flower roof had a little red and the inner petals were red,the outside petals were green at that stage.The soluble sugar of flower stalks,petals and stamens of male S.Sphenanthera all reached a maximum value at fullbloom stage in different development stage.The petals had the highest soluble sugar between male flower’s stalks,petals and stamens at the same development stage.The soluble sugar of flower stalks,petals of male S.sphenanthera and decreased firstly and then increased at different development stage.The flower stalks and stamens had higher soluble protein at the same development stage in different part of S.Sphenanthera male flower.The anthers and pollens were mature at flower coming into bloom stage(Ⅴ),the flower roof had a little red and the inner petals were red,the outside petals were green at that stage.The development stage and organ had significant effect on content of soluble sugar and soluble sugar.

关 键 词：华中五味子 雄花 生长 发育 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学]