尼古丁成瘾戒断对心理依赖和躯体依赖的差异性影响  

Differential effects of nicotine addiction withdrawal on psychological and physical dependence

作　　者：李峙玉 汪沁 李博 吴彤 高道宽 张环环[1] 汪萌芽[1] 郑超[1] LI Zhiyu;WANG Qin;LI Bo;WU Tong;GAO Daokuan;ZHANG Huanhuan;WANG Mengya;ZHENG Chao(Cell Electrophysiology Laboratory,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China;Rising-Star Group,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院细胞电生理研究室,安徽芜湖241002 [2]启明星小组,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《中国临床药理学与治疗学》2019年第9期969-976,共8页Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics

基　　金：安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201610368051);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710368021);国家自然科学基金项目(31200828);安徽省高校优秀青年人才支持计划项目(gxyqZD2016175);皖南医学院博士科研启动基金(rcqd201609)

摘　　要：目的:探讨尼古丁成瘾戒断对心理依赖和躯体依赖产生的影响。方法:取成年雄性SD大鼠27只。其中,尼古丁成瘾组(模型组)大鼠14只(其中6只用于尼古丁成瘾模型鉴定,8只用于多通道同步记录),生理盐水组(对照组)13只(6只作为模型鉴定的对照,7只用于多通道同步记录)。采用多通道同步记录技术,对两组大鼠中脑腹侧背盖区(ventral tegmental area,VTA)和伏隔核壳部(accumbens nucleus shell,ACbSh)的电活动进行同步细胞外记录,并且同步联合记录大鼠多项外周生理指标(心电、呼吸肌肌电、体温),在记录稳定的基础值20 min后,先后于大鼠颈背部皮下注射美加明、尼古丁并各记录30 min,以模拟模型组大鼠成瘾、戒断、复吸三个阶段。结果:(1)模型组大鼠VTA和ACbSh的放电频率在注射美加明后皆显著下降(P<0.05),注射尼古丁后,VTA和ACbSh的放电频率比注射美加明后显著上升(P<0.05,n=8);对照组大鼠VTA和ACbSh放电频率在注射美加明后皆显著上升(P<0.05),但注射尼古丁后VTA和ACbSh放电频率比注射美加明后显著下降(P<0.05,n=7)。(2)模型组大鼠VTA和ACbSh基础放电频率显著高于对照组,两组大鼠用药后VTA和ACbSh放电频率变化率组间(除了注射尼古丁以外)、组内比较皆有统计学意义(P<0.01,n=7~8)。(3)模型组和对照组大鼠的心率在相继注射美加明和尼古丁后,相较于注射美加明前皆显著降低(P<0.05,n=5~6)。(4)模型组和对照组大鼠呼吸频率、体温在注射美加明前、后以及注射尼古丁后皆无显著差异(P>0.05,n=3~6)。结论:早期注射尼古丁戒断药物可能对尼古丁成瘾心理依赖有预防和延缓作用,但躯体依赖没有明显改善,具体机制还有待进一步研究。AIM:To explore the effects of nicotine addiction withdrawal on psychological and physical dependence.METHODS:Twenty seven adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups,i.e.nicotine-addicted models(including 6 rats for identification of the models and 8 rats for multi-channel recording)and saline groups(including 6 rats as control for identification of the models and 7 rats for multi-channel recording).Simultaneous recordings from rats in 2 groups were made,including dual extracellular recordings of electrical activities in ventral tegmental area(VTA)and accumbens nucleus shell(ACbSh)of brain,and multinomial peripheral physiological indexes such as electrocardiogram(ECG),electromyogram(EMG)of respiratory muscle,body temperature,etc.In order to establish different dependent phases,baseline in VTA and ACbSh were recorded after 20 min;mecamylamine and nicotine were in turn subcutaneously injected in nicotine-addicted and normal rats,then persistent recordings for 30 min were performed.RESULTS:(1)After injection with mecamylamine,the average discharge frequency of VTA and ACbSh in the model rats was significantly decreased(P<0.05),but obviously increased after nicotine injection(P<0.05 vs.injection of mecamylamine,n=8).However,the discharge frequency of VTA and ACbSh revealed a significant rising after mecamylamine injection(P<0.05)and a obvious decline after nicotine injection in control group(P<0.05 vs.injection of mecamylamine,n=7).(2)The VTA and ACbSh basal discharge frequencies in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The change ratio of discharge frequencies of VTA and ACbSh in the two groups were statistically significant between(excluding injection of nicotine)and within groups(P<0.01,n=7-8).(3)Heart rate declined significantly after mecamylamine and nicotine injection in the model and control groups(P<0.05,n=5-6).(4)Body temperature and respiratory frequency of the model and control groups showed no obvious difference(P>0.05,n=3-6).CONCLUSION:Psychological dep

关 键 词：尼古丁成瘾 戒断 细胞外记录 外周生理指标 心理生理 

分 类 号：R338.8[医药卫生—人体生理学] R322.81[医药卫生—基础医学]