科尔沁沙地沙丘——草甸梯级生态系统不同气象条件下气候学足迹特征  

Climatological Footprints in Dune-Meadow Cascade Ecosystem under Different Meteorological Conditions in the Horqin Sandy Land

作　　者：黄天宇 王冠丽[1,3] 李东方 段利民[1,3] 刘廷玺 HUANG Tian-yu;WANG Guan-li;LI Dong-fang;DUAN Li-min;LIU Ting-xi(College of Water Consewancy and Civil Engineering Jnner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,Sichuang,China;Inner Mongolia Key laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]中国中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,四川成都610031 [3]内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2019年第5期1127-1135,共9页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点国际合作研究、地区项目与重点项目(51620105003,51669017,51769020,51139002);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2016BS0514);教育部创新团队发展计划(IRT_17R60);科技部重点领域科技创新团队(2015RA4013);内蒙古自治区草原英才产业创新创业人才团队、内蒙古农业大学寒旱区水资源利用创新团队(NDTD2010-6);内蒙古自治区高等学校“青年科技英才支持计划”(NJYT-18-B11)资助

摘　　要：以内蒙古科尔沁沙地研究区内一条梯级生态带为研究对象,基于大孔径闪烁仪(LAS)通量观测数据和通量源区计算模型,计算、分析了2017年研究区植被生长旺季梯级生态带的水热通量变化和气候学足迹变化。结果表明:①晴天时地表能量各分支大致呈单峰形,潜热通量曲线略有波动;多云时各能量日变化曲线呈不规则波动状。②以95%通量贡献源区面积为测算对象,不同风向条件下和不同大气稳定度条件下梯级生态带上气候学足迹面积和位置不同。研究区7月东北、东南、西南、西北4个风向上源区面积分别为0. 265 km^2、0. 538 km^2、0. 239km^2、0. 524 km^2。③稳定条件下研究区源区面积为0. 599 km^2,是不稳定条件下源区面积的92%。④以95%通量贡献源区面积为测算对象,晴天条件下,由于湍流交换的加强,源区面积由08:00的0. 665 km^2减小到11:00的0. 292 km^2;午后,湍流交换减弱,源区面积由14:00的0. 283 km^2增加到17:00的0. 479 km^2。气候学足迹变化趋势与大气稳定状况趋势一致。⑤以95%通量贡献源区面积为测算对象,受风向、大气稳定度等因素的影响,7月上、中、下旬的气候学足迹不同,源区面积下旬>上旬>中旬。研究为科尔沁沙地复杂下垫面条件下水热资源的可持续利用、该地区环境保护与恢复提供科学依据和理论支持。A cascade ecological belt in the Horqin Sandy Land in Inner Mongolia was taken as the study area to lucubrate the variation of water and heat fluxes and the climatological footprints in vegetation growth season 2017,and their values were calculated and analyzed by using the large aperture scintillometer (LAS) and the "FELM"footprint model. The results showed that: ① On sunny days,the curves of the branches of surface energy were unimodal,and the latent heat flux curve fluctuated slightly;on cloudy days,the curves of daily variation of surface energy fluctuated irregularly;② The areas and locations of climatological footprints in the cascade ecological belt were different under different wind directions and different level of atmospheric stability,and the four source areas in the northeast,southeast,southwest and northwest of the study area in July 2017 were 0. 265 km^2,0. 538 km^2,0. 239 km^2 and 0. 524 km^2 respectively;③ The source area under stable conditions was 0. 599 km^2 and occupied 92% of that under unstable conditions;④ On sunny days,the source area was reduced from 0. 665 km^2 at 8: 00 a. m. to0. 292 km^2 at 11: 00 a. m. due to the strong turbulent exchange;in the afternoon,the turbulent exchange was weakened and the source area was enlarged from 0. 283 km^2 at 14: 00 to 0. 479 km^2 at 17: 00;⑤ Affected by wind direction,atmospheric stability and other factors,the climatological footprints in early-,mid-and late-July were different. The source area was in an order of late-> early-> mid-July. The study results could provide a scientific basis and theoretical support for the sustainable utilization of hydrothermal resources and the environmental protection and regeneration in the Horqin Sandy Land under the complex conditions of underlying surface.

关 键 词：水热通量 气候学足迹 大孔径闪烁仪 梯级生态带 源区 科尔沁沙地 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]