不同林草复合配置对长柄扁桃林地土壤养分和酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Forest and Grass Compound Configurations on Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activities of Amygdalus Pedunculata

作　　者：黄优 王进鑫[2] 冯树林 吕国利 刘潇阳 狄龙 王怀彪 王玉宝 Huang You;Wang Jinxin;Feng Shulin;LüGuoli;Liu Xiaoyang;Di Long;Wang Huaibiao;Wang Yubao(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Forestry Industry Development Office of Yulin,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China;Yuyang Forestry Work Station of Yulin,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [3]榆林市林业产业开发办公室,陕西榆林719000 [4]榆林市榆阳区林业工作站,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2019年第4期54-60,67,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家基础研发计划项目“采煤迹地植被重建与保育技术研究”(2017YFC0504402-4);陕西省科技统筹计划项目“铅锌矿区尾矿库生态修复关键技术研究与示范”(2016KTCL03-18);榆林市林业局科技项目“榆林煤矿塌陷区生态修复治理技术与示范”(201503011458)

摘　　要：[目的]揭示不同草本植物对长柄扁桃林地土壤养分和酶活性的影响规律,为煤矿塌陷区的植被恢复与生态建设提供理论依据。[方法]以6种林草复合配置模式(沙打旺+长柄扁桃(SC)、草木樨+长柄扁桃(CC)、苜蓿+长柄扁桃(MC)、红豆草+长柄扁桃(HC)、小冠花+长柄扁桃(XC)),长柄扁桃纯林(CK))林地土壤为研究对象,采用田间小区试验方法,测定0—60 cm土壤养分和酶活性指标。[结果]①不同复合模式有机质含量比对照均显著增加,表现为:MC>CC>SC>XC>HC>CK,全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾与有机质变化趋势相似,MC,CC和SC模式增加较为明显,XC和HC模式增加较少;②除脲酶外,土壤酶活性在不同复合配置模式间差异显著,SC,CC和MC 3种模式明显优于HC和XC;③土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶与有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷呈显著正相关,脲酶与速效磷显著正相关,土壤酶活性与养分间关系紧密,可用来表征土壤改良效果。[结论]研究区选用沙打旺+长柄扁桃、草木樨+长柄扁桃、苜蓿+长柄扁桃3种林草配置模式对土壤养分积累和酶活性促进具有明显改善作用,因此选用以上3种配置模式更有利于榆林煤矿塌陷地植被恢复。[Objective]The effects of different herbaceous plants on soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities in the Amygdalus pedunculata were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and ecological construction in the subsidence area of coal mines.[Methods]6 kinds of forest and grass combined cropping patterns〔Astragalus adsurgens+Amygdalus pedunculata(SC),Melilotus suaveolens+Amygdalus pedunculata(CC),Medicago sativa+Amygdalus pedunculata(MC),Onobrychis viciifolia+Amygdalus pedunculata(HC),Coronilla varia+Amygdalus pedunculata(XC),Amygdalus pedunculata(CK)〕were used as the research objects.The field plot test method analysis was used to determine the nutrient and soil enzyme activity index of 0—60 cm soil.[Results]①The organic matter content of different configuration modes significantly increased compared with the control,which was characterized by MC>CC>SC>XC>HC>CK,the trends of total nitrogen,alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter were similar,and the MC,CC and SC was more obvious,and there was a much smaller increase in HC and XC;②In addition to urease,the soil enzyme activity was significantly different among different compound configuration modes.The three modes of MC,CC and SC were significantly better than HC and XC;③Soil sucrase,catalase and alkaline phosphatase positively correlated with organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus.Urease positively correlated with available phosphorus,and soil enzyme activity and nutrients were closely related.It used to characterize soil improvement effects.[Conclusion]The three forest grass configurations modes of MC,CC and SC had improved the soil nutrient accumulation and enzyme activity.The above three modes should be used to carry out certain vegetation restoration in the subsided land of Yulin coal mine.

关 键 词：长柄扁桃 林草复合 配置模式 土壤养分 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]