中国创新创业政策变迁与扩散研究  

The Change and Diffusion of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Policy in China

作　　者：郑石明[1] 李佳琪 李良成 Zheng Shiming;Li Jiaqi;Li Liangcheng(School of Public Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;School of Marxism,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学公共管理学院,广东广州510641 [2]华南理工大学马克思主义学院,广东广州510641

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2019年第9期16-24,共9页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学一般项目“我国高校科技创新促进产业发展研究”(BIA150088)

摘　　要：自2000年以来创新创业逐渐成为热点问题,中央和地方相继出台各项创新创业政策,有力地促进了创新创业的发展。本文基于2000-2017年1382条中央及地方创新创业政策文本,分析中国创新创业政策变迁过程及扩散机制。研究发现,中央与地方创新创业政策变迁都经历了三个过程:中央政策经历了政策酝酿、政策探索和全面推进三个阶段,地方政策由试点阶段、试点扩散阶段发展到全面扩散阶段。中央政策与地方政策之间、各地方政策之间的扩散机制具有显著特征:前者呈现出从“地方先行试点”到“中央认可”再到“全面推进地方实施”的政策扩散路径,后者呈现出创新创业“先行试点”地区带动周边地区的“多同心圆”政策扩散模型,整体符合政策扩散S形曲线,这种政策扩散机制成为地方创新创业政策效果显著差异的原因之一。Since 2000,innovation and entrepreneurship have gradually become a hot issue.The central and local policies of innovation and entrepreneurship have been implemented in China,which has greatly promoted the development of innovation and entrepreneurship.Based on 1382 central and local policies on innovation and entrepreneurship from the year 2000 to 2017,this paper studies the evolution process and diffusion mechanism of China s innovation and entrepreneurship policy.The study finds that the central and local policies of innovation and entrepreneurship have gone through three processes.The policy diffusion mechanism between the center and the local governments or among the local governments have obvious characteristics:the former presents a policy diffusion path from“the local government being the first pilot”to“being approved by the central government”,and then to“fully pushing forward the implementation of the local government”,and the latter presents a“multi-concentric circle”policy diffusion model,as a whole conforming to the S-shaped curve of policy diffusion,and this kind of mechanism of policy diffusion is one of the reasons for the significant differences in the innovation and entrepreneurship policy between different regions.

关 键 词：创新创业 政策变迁 政策扩散 政策文本 

分 类 号：D601[政治法律—政治学]