头足类独特的精子转运方式  

The Unique Sperm Transport Method of Cephalopods

作　　者：张秀梅[1,2] 王展 ZHANG Xiu-Mei;WANG Zhan(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第10期18-27,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41676153)资助~~

摘　　要：头足类是软体动物门的一个特殊分化类群,具有复杂的雌雄交配行为。其精子要经过包装、转运、储存和释放这一系列复杂的过程最终与卵细胞结合形成受精卵。本文综述了近年来有关头足类精子包装、转运和储存过程的研究概况。重点介绍了头足类雄性生殖系统的结构特征,分析了精子基本储存单元—精荚的形成过程,及精荚各部分结构在精子转运过程中所发挥的作用;比较了精荚放射过程和精子囊在雌性身体的植入方式,分析了产生不同植入方式的原因;探讨了各种头足类精子进入雌性纳精囊及在其中的储存机制。剖析了目前关于头足类精子转运、储存和利用等相关研究的不足及未来研究方向,论文旨在揭示头足类独特的繁殖和进化机制,为提高其人工繁育效率,有效开展资源增殖与保护提供科学依据。Cephalopods is a specially differentiated group of mollusks with complex mating behaviors.Their spermatozoa undergo a series of complex processes of being packed,transported,stored and released,and eventually penetrate into eggs at fertilization.In this paper,we reviewed the recent research on the packaging,transport,and storage of cephalopod sperm,focusing on the structural characteristics of the male reproductive system of cephalopods.The production of the spermatophore(the basic storage unit of spermatozoa)and the role of its structures in sperm transport were analyzed.The process of spermatophoric reaction,type of spermatangia implantation,reasons for different implantation types and mechanism of cephalopod sperm entering and storing in seminal receptacle were discussed.We also discussed the existing problems in recent researches on cephalopod sperm transport,storage and utilization,and provided for the prospect for the future research.We aimed to reveal the unique reproductive and evolutionary mechanism of cephalopods and provide some referential information for improving the efficiency of artificial breeding and stock enhancement of cephalopods.

关 键 词：头足类 生殖系统 精荚 纳精囊 精子 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]