山东省高年级小学生健康素养影响因素分析  

Influencing factors on health literacy among primary school students in Grade 4-6 in Shandong Province

作　　者：冷艳[1] 魏霞[1] 李凤霞[1] 孙桐[1] 刘小晖[2] 周培静[1] 范正[1] LENG Yan;WEI Xia;LI Feng-xia;SUN Tong;LIU Xiao-hui;ZHOU Pei-jing;FAN Zheng(Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinaii 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014 [2]青岛市疾病预防控制中心,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2019年第8期680-684,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2016WS0377)

摘　　要：目的了解山东省高年级小学生的健康素养现状,分析其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,采用集体调查的方式,对8211名四~六年级小学生进行横断面调查。调查问卷由调查对象匿名自填完成。结果山东省高年级小学生健康素养具备率为59.01%,男生为55.29%,女生为62.79%(χ^2=47.68,P<0.05);居住在城市的学生为62.03%,居住在农村的学生为53.92%(χ^2=52.14,P<0.05);独生子女与非独生子女分别为65.54%、55.13%(χ^2=86.00,P<0.05);四、五、六年级学生健康素养具备率分别为53.07%、60.64%和63.08%(χ^2=61.02,P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,高年级小学生健康素养的影响因素有性别(OR=0.79,95%CI:0.72~0.87)、年级(六年级OR=1.45,95%CI:1.29~1.63)、居住地(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.04~1.32)、自评学习成绩(中等偏上OR=0.68,95%CI:0.59~0.79)、是否为独生子女(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.02~1.26)、地区(青岛OR=3.02,95%CI:2.56~3.58)、父亲职业(未就业OR=0.75,95%CI:0.59~0.95)和父亲文化程度(大专/本科及以上OR=1.30,95%CI:1.05~1.60)。结论不同特征的高年级小学生健康素养水平存在差异,影响小学生健康素养的因素是多方面的。Objective To learn the status of health literacy and its influencing factors among primary school students in Grade 4-6 in Shandong Province.Methods By using stratified cluster random sampling method,a total of 8211 primary school students responded anonymously to the questionnaire.A cross-sectional design was adopted.The survey was conducted by the trained investigators in each class collectively.Results The total prevalence of adequate health literacy of primary school students of grade 4-6 was 59.01%.The health literacy rate of boys and girls were 55.29% and 62.79%(χ^2=47.68,P<0.05),respectively.62.03% of the students living in city had satisfied health literacy,53.92% of the students living in countryside had satisfied health literacy(χ^2 = 52.14,P<0.05).The health literacy rate of students whether the One-child or not were 65.54% and 55.13%(χ^2 = 86.00,P<0.05),respectively.The health literacy rate of students of Grade 4-6 were 53.07%,60.64%,63.08%(χ^2 = 61.02,P<0.05),respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the health literacy of primary school students was influenced by gender(OR =0.79, 95%CI:0.72-0.87),grade(Grade 6 OR =1.45,95% CI:1.29-1.63),residence(OR =1.17 95% CI:1.04-1.32),self-rating academic performance(medium to high academic achievement OR = 0.68,95% CI:0.59-0.79),whether the One-child or not(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.02-1.26),area(Qingdao OR= 3.02,95%CI:2.56-3.58),father’s occupation(unemployed OR=0.75,95% CI:0.59-0.95)and father’s educational level(university degree or above OR= 1.30,95% CI:1.05-1.60).Conclusion There was differences among different demographic characteristics of primary school students of Grade 4-6 on health literacy and it was influenced by many factors.

关 键 词：健康素养 小学生 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]