二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质的研究进展  

Research Progress of in situ Generated Polymer Electrolyte for Rechargeable Batteries

作　　者：张建军[1] 杨金凤 吴瀚 张敏 刘亭亭 张津宁 董杉木[1] 崔光磊[1] Jian-jun Zhang;Jin-feng Yang;Han Wu;Min Zhang;Ting-ting Liu;Jin-ning Zhang;Shan-mu Dong;Guang-lei Cui(Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute,Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266101;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083)

机构地区：[1]青岛储能产业技术研究院中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所,青岛266101 [2]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049 [3]中南大学化学化工学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《高分子学报》2019年第9期890-914,I0002,共26页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号51625204,51703236)资助项目

摘　　要：聚合物电解质可以在很大程度上缓解甚至解决二次电池所面临的电解液泄漏、挥发、燃烧和爆炸等潜在安全问题.但传统聚合物电解质成型工艺繁琐冗赘,且制备过程中存在溶剂挥发污染环境等缺点,原位生成聚合物电解质除可以有效解决上述安全问题外,还可以在二次电池内部形成稳定的固体电解质界面,实现界面融合,减少固/固界面阻抗,有利于提高二次电池循环寿命,具有很好的应用前景.基于此,本综述从有无引发剂添加、引发剂种类等多角度重点阐述了原位生成聚合物电解质的制备工艺、形成机理、聚合物电解质类型及其在锂(钠、镁)等二次电池中应用的主要研究进展和现状.最后对二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质存在的挑战和未来可能发展趋势进行了展望.Rechargeable batteries,which are among the most promising energy storage devices,have become a research hotspot related to energy-storage and energy-convert systems.While the rechargeable batteries based on liquid electrolytes commonly possess serious safety risks such as electrolyte leakage,volatilization,combustion,and explosion,polymer electrolytes display great potentials in ameliorating and addressing these problems.Conventional polymer electrolytes are generally prepared by the solution casting method,which is difficult to implement in actual production owing to its complicated operation and harsh conditions.In addition,the poor electrolyte/electrode interfacial contact in solid-state lithium batteries is also a common issue,mainly originating from the ex situ assembly technique of solid-state electrolyte.These drawbacks hinder their large-scale promotion and application.In this context have emerged the in situ generated polymer electrolytes,which aim at solving the above mentioned problems effectively.The general process of in situ preparation of the polymer electrolytes is as follows:a precursor solution consisting of monomers,lithium salts,and initiators is injected into the battery to fully wet the electrode channels and gaps,and the monomers are then polymerized in situ under certain external conditions to afford a gel/solid polymer rechargeable battery in one step.Compared to the traditional routes to polymer electrolytes,such in situ polymerization simplifies the preparation process,facilitates favorable solid electrolyte interface,and enables the electrode and electrolyte to form an integrated structure for better interfacial contact.These advantages are beneficial to an improved performance of rechargeable batteries and endow the technique with a promising application prospect.For more efficient development,it is an urgent task to review the existing process routes,reaction principles,types of polymer electrolytes,and the practical applications of in situ generated polymer electrolytes in rechargea

关 键 词：原位固化 聚合物电解质 二次电池 界面相容性 循环稳定性 

分 类 号：TM9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]