D-π-A-π-D型非掺杂小分子空穴传输材料的合成及其在反向钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用  

Synthesis of D-π-A-π-D Type Dopant-Free Hole Transporting Materials and Application in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

作　　者：王梦涵 万里 高旭宇 袁文博[1] 方俊峰[2] 陶友田[1] 黄维[1,3] Wang Menghan;Wan Li;Gao Xuyu;Yuan Wenbo;Fang Junfeng;Tao Youtian;Huang Wei(Key Lab for Flexible Electronics,Institute of Advanced Materials,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816;Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201;Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072)

机构地区：[1]江苏省柔性电子重点实验室南京工业大学先进材料研究院,南京211816 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,宁波315201 [3]西北工业大学柔性电子研究院,西安710072

出　　处：《化学学报》2019年第8期741-750,共10页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项中国与欧盟合作项目(No.2016YFE0112000);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(No.61761136013);江苏省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(No.BK20160042)资助~~

摘　　要：设计合成了三种以(甲氧基)三苯胺为给体(Donor,D),苯环为共轭π桥,羰基(或双氰基乙烯基)为受体(Acceptor,A)的D-π-A-π-D型有机小分子空穴传输材料1-T、1-OT和1-OTCN.对三个化合物的热稳定性、光物理以及电化学性质进行表征,并将它们作为空穴传输材料运用至钙钛矿太阳能电池中,研究其光伏特性.实验结果表明,通过引入具有不同给(吸)电子能力的基团,可对材料的光电性质进行有效调控.基于小分子空穴传输材料1-T、1-OT和1-OTCN的非掺杂反向钙钛矿太阳能电池器件光电转化效率(PCE)分别为13.0%、14.4%以及16.8%.其中,基于甲氧基和双氰基修饰的1-OTCN电池器件,由于空穴传输层与钙钛矿界面发生更有效的电荷跃迁和收集,电荷复合较少,因此器件性能最佳,1-OTCN的疏水性质使得其对应器件效率和水氧稳定性均优于常用空穴传输材料PEDOT:PSS(PCE:13.0%).Perovskite solar cells(PVSCs)have recently gained much attention for the advantages of low cost and high efficiency.Based on the different device structures,PVSCs can be simply classified into conventional and inverted categories.Compared with the inverted devices,conventional PVSCs generally exhibited higher PCE.Especially,a milestone PCE value of 24.3%was obtained in conventional PVSCs.However,the complexity and high-temperature process in device fabrication further limit their application in flexible and large-scale devices,while the inverted PVSCs can make up the shortcomings of the conventional PVSCs.Commonly,PVSCs devices contain electrodes,electron/hole transporting layers and the perovskite layer.Among the function layers,hole transporting layers(HTLs)play a crucial role in improving the photovoltaic performance of inverted PVSCs.From the materials point of view,the efficient hole transporting materials(HTMs)are mostly inorganic compounds and polymers.On the other side,taking advantages of easy modification,low price,easy preparation and homogeneity in batches,small molecular HTMs afford superior promising in fabricating efficient and stable PVSCs.However,up to date,small molecular HTMs are relatively less explored.To enrich the material species of small molecular HTMs and illustrate their superiorities in constructing stable PVSCs,in this paper,we designed and synthesized three D-π-A-π-D type small molecular HTMs based on triphenylamine(TPA)unit,namely 1-T,1-OT and 1-OTCN.The optoelectronic properties of these molecules were modified by introducing different electron acceptor/donor groups.Afterwards,employing as dopant-free HTMs in inverted PVSCs,the three small molecules demonstrated distinguished performance.We found that introduction of electron-donating methoxy into 1-T,1-OT exhibited increased energy levels and hole mobility.On the other hand,the energy levels of 1-OTCN were down-shifted compared to 1-OT,which was attributed from the stronger electronwithdrawing ability of dicyanovinylene group th

关 键 词：钙钛矿太阳能电池 有机小分子空穴传输材料 三苯胺 D-π-A-π-D 非掺杂 稳定性 

分 类 号：TM9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]