《商标法》第59条第3款“在先商标的继续使用抗辩”评注  

Commentaries on Article 59,Paragraph 3 Concerning “Defense Mechanism of Continuous Prior Use” in Trademark Law

作　　者：张鹏[1,2] Zhang Peng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所 [2]中国社会科学院知识产权中心

出　　处：《知识产权》2019年第9期11-25,共15页Intellectual Property

摘　　要：为确保商标在先使用人因其使用行为业已形成的具体信用,《商标法》第59条第3款规定了在先商标的继续使用抗辩制度。其构成要件可以归结为三个:在先使用行为应早于在后注册商标的申请日;在先使用人应当出于善意;在先使用的标识经过持续性使用产生一定影响。援引在先使用抗辩的主体除在先使用人本人外,还包括“继受主体”“被许可人”“流通环节参与主体”等。在法律效果上,在先使用人有权在“原有范围”内继续使用,而注册商标权人有权要求在先使用人施加适当区别性标识。本文结合学理与判例对该款规定的解释与适用进行评注,在整理与构成要件及法律效果相关各论点的基础上,分析其与规范意旨的体系关联。In order to protect the credibility established by prior user of trademarks,article 59,paragraph 3 of the Trademark Law provides for a defense mechanism of continuous prior use.There are three constitutive requirements:prior use should be earlier than the filing date of the registered trademark;the prior user should be in good faith;and the prior used mark has produced certain reputation through continuous using of trademarks.Not limited to prior users,“business transferees”,“licensees”,“other downstream operators”can also invoke this defense as well.Regarding legal effect,the prior user can continue to use the trademark concerned within the original scope.The registered trademark owner has the right to request prior user to add certain distinctive mark to avoid confusion.The paper comments on the interpretation and application of the aforesaid provision in terms of both jurisprudence and relevant cases.The paper also analyzes the systematic connection between this provision and its normative intention,based on discussion of its constitutive requirements and legal effects.

关 键 词：在先使用抗辩 双重在先 有一定影响 原有范围 区别性标识 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]