论现实主义作为一种阅读方法  

On Realism as a Way of Reading

作　　者：高玉[1] GAO Yu(College of Humanities,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第5期22-29,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“语言变革与中国现当代文学发展”(16ZDA190)

摘　　要：“现实主义”作为一种称谓既指作家的创作方式和作品形态,也指阅读方法。作为一种阅读方法,现实主义具有普适性,任何文学作品都可以从现实的角度来阅读和理解,都可以读出现实的价值和意义。从创作的角度来看,任何创作方法都有现实主义的因素,在文学中,“现实”与“非现实”之间不存在绝对的对立,不论是传统文学还是现代主义、后现代主义文学,都有“现实”的成分,因此都可以从现实的角度进行解读。从文学接受的角度来看,任何类型的作品都与现实生活有关,都与人生有关,因此任何文学作品都与现实有关,现实是创作者和接受者沟通的条件,是文学创作和文学接受的基础。按照现实主义的阅读方法阅读非现实主义的作品,本质上是读者的阅读权力。在阅读中,读者可以对文学中的非现实因素进行筛选和还原,得出符合现实的解释。现实主义作为一种阅读方法对读者而言具有重要价值。As a name,“realism”not only refers to a kind of creation mode or work formation,but also refers to a way of reading.As a way of reading,realism is universal.Every literary work can be read and understood from the perspective of reality,and every literary work has realistic value and meanings.From the perspective of creation,every creation method has the element of realism.In literature,there is no absolute opposition between“reality”and“non-reality”.No matter it is traditional literature,modernism or post-modernism literature,there are elements of“reality”,which can be interpreted from the perspective of reality.From the perspective of literary acceptance,all kinds of works are related to real life,all of which are therefore related to reality.Reality is the condition for communication between creators and recipients,and the basis for literary creation and acceptance.Reading non-realistic works in a realistic way is,in nature,the right of readers.In reading,readers can screen and restore the non-realistic factors in literary works,and come up with realistic explanations.Thus,realism,as a way of reading,is of great value to readers.

关 键 词：现实主义 阅读 现实 “非现实” 创作方法 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]