或然类语气副词“X许”的语法化与词汇化  

The Lexicalization and Grammaticalization of Probabilistic Modal Adverbs in Chinese

作　　者：高育花[1] GAO Yuhua(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 10089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第5期71-77,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“功能-类型学指向的汉语语义演变研究”(14ZDB098);北京外国语大学一流学科建设基金项目“或然类双音节语气副词的历史演变及方言分布”(YY18ZZB023)

摘　　要：语气副词“许”“也许”“或许”“兴许”均表或然语气,明、清才开始使用。“许”从助动词语法化而来,“也许”是语气副词“也”与助动词“许”先组合为一个标准韵律词,然后进一步虚化为双音节语气副词;“或许”是助动词“许”先语法化为语气副词后,再与语气副词“或”同义复合为双音节语气副词;“兴许”在“也许”“或许”的类推作用下,词汇化为语气副词。In Chinese,“xu(许)”“yexu(也许)”“huoxu(或许)”“xingxu(兴许)”indicate probabilistic modality,and were used in the periods between the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.“Xu(许)”turned into a modal adverbs from the auxiliary by grammaticalization.And the developing process of“yexu(也许)”could be divided into two stages:first stage was the prosodic combination of an adverb“ye(也)”and an auxiliary“xu(许)”,and then it further turned into a disyllabic adverb of mood.“Huoxu(或许)”has experienced two stages as well,that is,“xu(许)”was grammaticalized into an adverb of mood,and then turned into a disyllabic adverb of mood by combining“huo(或)”.“Xingxu(兴许)”turned into an adverb of mood by the analogy of“yexu(也许)”and“huoxu(或许)”.

关 键 词：或然类语气副词 语法化 词汇化 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语]