柠条种子丸粒化配方的筛选  

Screening of pellet formulas for Caragana korshinskii Kom. seeds

作　　者：杨丽芳[1] 高捍东[1] 顾美影 杜海波[2] 刘晓慧[2] 苏琳[2] YANG Lifang;GAO Handong;GU Meiying;DU Haibo;LIU Xiaohui;SU Lin(Southern Tree Seed Inspection Center,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Baicheng City Forestry Research Institute of Jilin Province,Baicheng 137000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,国家林业和草原局南方林木种子检验中心,江苏南京210037 [2]白城市林业科学研究院,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第5期9-15,共7页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家林业局“948”项目(2008-4-22)

摘　　要：【目的】比较几种较优的柠条种子丸粒化配方,提高播种精准度、种子出苗率并促进幼苗生长,解决干旱半干旱地区困难立地的造林问题,为林草种子丸粒化研究和应用提供理论依据。【方法】以柠条种子(内蒙古自治区林业和草原局提供)作为对象,采用不同黏着剂、填充料及保水剂(质量分数分别为0、3%、5%、7%)组成不同配方进行丸粒化处理。其中,黏着剂:羧甲基纤维素钠A(A1.0.75%;A2.1.0%;A3.1.25%;A4.1.5%),聚乙烯醇B(B1.2%;B2.4%;B3.6%;B4.8%)。填充料:C1[黏土20%(体积分数,后同)+滑石粉40%+高岭土40%],C2(黏土40%+滑石粉30%+高岭土30%),C3(黏土60%+滑石粉20%+高岭土20%),C4(黏土80%+滑石粉10%+高岭土10%),D1(黏土40%+滑石粉60%),D2(黏土60%+滑石粉40%),D3(黏土80%+滑石粉20%),D4(黏土100%)。从丸粒质量、裂解率、保水力、丸粒种子活性及丸粒种子萌发幼苗的生长状态等方面来评价丸粒化配方效果,进而筛选出柠条种子的最优丸粒化配方。【结果】经过初步筛选,得出A3C3(发芽率88.7%,活力指数33.8,鲜质量7.2 g)、B1C4(发芽率86.7%,发芽指数20.1,活力指数32.3,鲜质量10.9 g)、A2D3(发芽率89.0%,发芽指数19.7,活力指数29.4,鲜质量10.5 g)和B1D1(活力指数28.9,鲜质量9.8 g)为优良丸粒化配方;在初选的基础上添加保水剂后,得出最优丸粒化配方为M4(A3C3+7%保水剂),其平均发芽率91.0%,平均发芽指数22.5,平均活力指数35.9,平均鲜质量4.9 g。其次为配方M7(B1C4+5%保水剂),其平均发芽率90.3%,平均发芽指数21.9,平均活力指数36.0,平均鲜质量4.8 g。第三为配方M11(A2D3+5%保水剂),其平均发芽率92.7%,平均发芽指数22.7,平均活力指数37.4,平均鲜质量4.8 g。【结论】根据发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗鲜质量以及保水力的测定,结合丸粒化种子外观形态及裂解率,筛选出了最优丸粒化配方,提高了柠条种子播种精准度、出苗率,并促进了幼苗的生长�【Objective】Several superior pellet formulas for Caragana korshinskii Kom.seeds were compared and screened with the aim of improving precision seeding,field germination rate and seedling growth.The aim of this study was to promote afforestation on difficult lands in arid and semiarid regions and to provide a theoretical basis for the research and application of forestation and weed seed pelleting.【Method】Combinations of different adhesives,fillers and superabsorbent polymers(SAPs,mass ratio is 0,3%,5%,7%)were applied to pellet C.korshinskii Kom.seeds(Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region).Adhesives included sodium carboxymethyl cellulose A(A1:0.75%;A2:1.0%;A3:1.25%;and A4:1.5%)and polyvinyl alcohol B(B1:2%;B2:4%;B3:6%;B4:8%).Fillers included C1[20%(volume ratio,same below)clay+40%talc+40%kaolin],C2(40%clay+30%talc+30%kaolin),C3(60%clay+20%talc+20%kaolin),C4(80%clay+10%talc+10%kaolin),D1(40%clay+60%talc),D2(60%clay+40%talc),D3(80%clay+20%talc)and D4(100%clay).We evaluated the effects of the pellet formulas on the quality of pelleted seeds,splitting rate,water-holding capacity,seed activity,and growth of germinated pelleted seeds.Then,the optimum pellet formulas for C.korshinskii seeds were selected.【Result】The optimum pellet formulas following the primary screening were A3C3(germination percentage:88.7%;vigor index:33.8;and fresh weight:7.2 g),B1C4(germination percentage:86.7%;germination index:20.1;vigor index:32.3;and fresh weight:10.9 g),A2D3(germination percentage:89.0%;germination index:19.7;vigor index:29.4;and fresh weight:10.5 g),and B1D1(vigor index:28.9 and fresh weight:9.8 g).After adding SAP based on the primary screening,the optimum pellet formulas were M4(A3C3+7%SAP)with an average germination percentage of 91.0%,germination index of 22.5,vigor index of 35.9,and fresh weight of 4.9 g;M7(B1C4+5%SAP)with an average germination percentage of 90.3%,germination index of 21.9,vigor index of 36.0,and fresh weight of 4.8 g;and M11(A2D3+5%SAP)with an average germination

关 键 词：柠条 种子 丸粒化配方 发芽率 裂解率 保水力 

分 类 号：S722.14[农业科学—林木遗传育种]