陀螺电机用H型动压气体轴承启动摩擦特性分析  

Friction characteristic of H-type hydrodynamic gas bearing for gyroscope motor during start-up

作　　者：任天明[1] 冯明[1] 忽敏学[2] 刘志宏[2] REN Tianming;FENG Ming;HU Minxue;LIU Zhihong(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Tianjin Navigation Instrument Research Institute,Tianjin 300131,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 [2]天津航海仪器研究所,天津300131

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2019年第4期524-532,共9页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

基　　金：工信部工业强基工程资助项目（TC160A310/2）;中央高校基本科研业务费（FRF-TP-17-055A1）

摘　　要：为减小陀螺电机用H型动压气体轴承启动过程中的摩擦与磨损,建立了考虑表面粗糙接触与润滑的H型动压气体轴承模型,对其启动摩擦特性进行研究。首先,通过求解轴粗糙表面在转子重力作用下的弹性变形,确定启动前转子启动位置和启动力矩。然后,对表面粗糙接触与润滑方程、转子五自由度运动方程进行联立求解,得到启动过程中轴承承载力、运动轨迹、接触面积等特性,并通过接触面积减为0来判断转子的浮起时间和浮起转速。最后,研究轴承表面粗糙度和腔型结构等参数对轴承启动摩擦特性的影响。分析结果表明:减小粗糙表面峰顶标准差可降低浮起转速、减小磨损范围;随着腔宽比的增大,浮起转速增大、磨损范围减小;而随着腔深的增大,浮起转速和磨损范围均先减小后增大,腔深为1.0μm和2.0μm时浮起转速和磨损范围分别最小。In order to reduce the friction and wear of H-type hydrodynamic gas bearing for gyro motor during start-up,a theoretical model with considering the roughness contact and lubrication is built for the study of the bearing friction characteristic.First,the starting position and starting torque of the bearing shaft are determined by calculating the elastic deformation of the rough sleeve surface under the gravity effect.Then,by simultaneously solving the surface rough contact&lubrication equations and the rotor’s 5-DOF motion equation,the load capacity,trajectory and contact area during start-up are obtained,and the lift-up time and speed of the shaft are determined by reducing the contact area to 0.Finally,the influences of surface roughness and geometric parameters on the bearing performance are studied.The experiment results show that:the lift-up speed and the wear zone can be decreased by reducing the standard deviation of rough surface peak heights;with the increase of the groove width ratio,the lift-up speed increases and the wear zone decreases;the lift-up speed and wear zone have the minimum values at the groove depth of 1.0μm and 2.0μm respectively.

关 键 词：H型气体动压轴承 粗糙表面 启动力矩 摩擦与磨损 

分 类 号：U666.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]