密闭空间内爆炸准静态压力理论计算研究  

Study on theoretical calculation of quasi-static pressure for explosion in confined space

作　　者：徐维铮[1,2] 吴卫国[1,2] Xu Weizheng;Wu Weiguo(Key Laboratory of High Performance Ship Technology of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;School of Transportation,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学高性能舰船技术教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学交通学院,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2019年第5期124-130,共7页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51409202）;国防基础科研计划资助项目（B1420133057）;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2016-YB-016）

摘　　要：[目的]密闭空间内爆炸过程不仅涉及冲击波的传播和反射,还包含复杂的后燃烧效应。后燃烧效应既增强了冲击波强度,还会对最终准静态压力产生较大影响。为对约束空间内爆炸准静态超压进行预测,[方法]基于化学反应分析及能量守恒定律,推导给出一种考虑后燃烧效应内爆炸准静态超压峰值的计算模型,并将模型计算得到的准静态超压与相关文献的实验测量结果及经验公式的结果进行对比分析,以验证所提理论模型的可靠性和准确性。[结果]结果表明:理论模型计算的准静态超压峰值与文献的实验测量及经验公式的结果吻合较好;Anderson经验公式在药量体积比小于0.5 kg/m^3的爆炸工况下并不适用,文献[8]的拟合公式不能外推至药量体积比大于8.87 kg/m^3的爆炸工况下使用。[结论]研究结果可为更好地了解内爆炸后燃烧效应对准静态压力贡献的物理机制,以及为抗爆结构设计及毁伤评估提供一定的参考和指导。[Objectives]The process of explosion in confined space involves not only the propagation and reflection of shock waves,but also complex afterburning effect.The afterburning effect not only enhances the shock wave intensity,but also has a great influence on the final quasi-static pressure.In order to give a prediction of the quasi-static overpressure for explosion inside confined space,[Methods]a theoretical model for calculation of the peak valve of the quasi-static overpressure for confined explosions considering afterburning effects was proposed based on the analysis of chemical reactions and the law of conservation of energy.The results calculated by the model were then analyzed and compared with the literaturesas well as the empirical formulas'to verify the reliability and correctness of the proposed model.[Results]The results show that,the peak value of the quasi-static overpressure calculated by theoretical model is in good agreement with the results of the experimental measurement and from the empirical formulas in the literature;the Andersonfs empirical formula is inapplicable to the confined explosion condition in case of a small mass volume ratio of less than 0.5 kg/m^3,and the formula given in the reference[8]may not be extrapolated to the confined explosion conditions with a large ratio of greater than 8.87 kg/m^3.[Conclusions]The study in this paper can provide a better understanding of the physical mechanism of the contribution of afterburning effect to quasi-static pressure,and provide some reference and guidance for the design of explosion-resistant structures and damage assessment.

关 键 词：约束空间内爆炸 后燃烧效应 化学反应 药量体积比 准静态压力 

分 类 号：U674.7[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] O354.5[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]