组培复幼对珠美海棠生理及组织结构的影响  

Effects of rejuvenation on physiology and histological structure of Malus zumi by tissue culture

作　　者：郜伟 周文丽 崔瑞瑞 杨松林 高英 GAO Wei;ZHOU Wen-li;CUI Rui-rui;YANG Song-lin;GAO Ying(College of Horticulture and Landscape,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2019年第3期47-50,共4页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：天津市大学生创新训练项目（201710061043）;天津农学院科学研究发展基金计划资助项目（2016NYB07）;国家自然科学基金项目（31800572）;现代产业技术体系-林果-核果岗位（ITTFPRS2018004）

摘　　要：珠美海棠是重要的绿化树种,也是苹果的重要砧木,并且耐盐性强。本试验以成龄珠美海棠为试材,通过组培使其复幼,探讨复幼过程珠美海棠的生理生化及组织结构变化。分别取0代、复幼后1、3、5、7代的健康叶片,进行可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量的测定,取茎段及叶片进行组织结构的分析。研究结果表明:随着复幼处理代数的增加,叶片中可溶性糖含量呈现下降趋势,且复幼至第5代时与初代中的含量相比具有极显著性差异;但叶片中可溶性蛋白的含量则无太大的变化,0代与1、3、5代无显著性差异,直至复幼处理到第7代时可溶性蛋白与0代相比呈显著性差异。珠美海棠叶片随继代次数的增加,栅栏组织逐渐减少,上下表皮细胞增大,表皮细胞壁变薄,茎的木质部逐渐减少变薄。本试验表明,组培可以使珠美海棠复幼,继代次数的增加有利于复幼。Malus zumi is an important greening tree and is also an important rootstock of apple,with strong salt tolerance.In this study,the matural Malus zumi was used as the test material,which was rejuvenated by tissue culture to explore the physiological and biochemical changes and histological structure of Malus zumi during rejuvenation.The healthy leaves of the zero generation and the rejuvenated generation of 1,3,5 and 7 generations were taken respectively.The soluble sugar content and soluble protein content were determined.The histological structure was analysed with stem and leaves.The results showed that the content of soluble sugar in leaves decreased with the continuous subcultures,and these indexes in 5th rejuvenated generation were significantly different from those in the zero generation.However,there was no significant difference in the content of soluble protein between the 0 generation and the 1,3,5 generation.Until the 7th generation,there was a significant difference to the zero generation of soluble protein content.With the continuous subcultures,the palisade tissue gradually decreased,the upper and lower epidermal cells increased and cell wall became thinner.The xylem of the stem gradually decreased.From this experiment we concluded that tissue culture can rejuvenate Malus zumi,and the continuous subcultures are beneficial to rejuvenation.

关 键 词：珠美海棠 复幼 组织结构 生理生化 

分 类 号：S661[农业科学—果树学]