碳纤维复合材料激光切割制孔工艺研究  

Research on Hole Drilling in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite by Using Laser Cutting Method

作　　者：叶逸云 贾少辉 徐子法 欧阳文泰 焦俊科[1] 王飞亚 葛恩德 YE Yiyun;JIA Shaohui;XU Zifa;OUYANG Wentai;JIAO Junke;WANG Feiya;GE Ende(Ningbo Institute of Materials Tecnology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China;COMAC Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200436,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,宁波315201 [2]中国商飞上海飞机制造有限公司,上海200436

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2019年第18期50-55,共6页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：商用飞机制造工程技术研究中心创新基金（COMASFGS201736734）;国防基础科研计划（JCKY2016130B203）

摘　　要：碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)具有轻质、高强、耐腐蚀等特点,在航空航天和汽车轻量化制造上被广泛应用,但CFRP的加工上依然面临着一些问题,如边沿毛刺、层间撕裂等。针对CFRP材料加工面临的问题,业内提出了一些新的加工方案,激光加工便是重要的一个解决方案。本文采用532nm波长的皮秒激光在碳纤维复合板上进行了激光切割制孔工艺的试验,对比了不同功率下激光旋转切割、平行填充切割以及十字填充切割3种不同的扫描方式对加工质量的影响。利用共聚焦显微镜对孔质量和热影响区进行了表征分析。试验结果表明,激光旋转切割的加工方式对CFRP的材料去除效率最高,锥度最小,热影响区较小。同时采用了D5766开孔拉伸标准,对3种不同工艺的激光扫描制孔样件及机械制孔样件进行了拉伸试验。相关研究为CFRP高质量的加工提供新的研究思路。Carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)is widely used in aerospace and automotive lightweight manufacturing due to its lightweight,high strength and corrosion resistance.However,there are still some problems in the processing of CFRP,such as edge burrs,interlaminar tearing and so on.Many new processing schemes for CFRP materials are proposed in the industry.As an important processing method,the laser processing has become one of the research hotspots.The hole cutting process of carbon fiber composite plate was studied by using 532nm picosecond laser.The e ffects of laser rotary cutting,parallel filling cutting and cross filling cutting on machining quality were compared.The quality of the hole and the range of heat affected zone were observed by the confocal microscope.The experimental results showed that the scanning method of laser rotary cutting has the highest removal efficiency,the smallest tapers,and the hot affected zone was small.At the same time,D5766 open-hole tensile standard was adopted to conduct tensile experiments on three kinds of laser scanning hole making samples and mechanical hole making sample,and the results were analyzed.This research would provide new research ideas for high quality processing of CFRP.

关 键 词：激光制孔 碳纤维复合材料 激光切割 激光旋切 拉伸测试 激光应用 

分 类 号：TU3[建筑科学—结构工程]